1. 在 Ubuntu 16.04 上安装 OpenCV 的依赖库
Ctrl+Alt+T打开终端
例行公事的刷新升级。。。
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
安装开发工具和相关库。。。
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config
sudo apt-get install libjpeg8-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libpng12-dev
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
sudo apt-get install libgtk-3-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
sudo apt-get install python3.5-dev
2.下载OpenCV源码(这里介绍3.1.0版本,需新版本https://github.com/opencv/opencv,修改..../3.1.0.zip 后缀即可,如:/3.3.1.zip)
注意:所以安装均在根目录下执行
cd ~(cd到根目录)
执行以下代码
wget -O opencv.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv/archive/3.1.0.zip
unzip opencv.zip
wget -O opencv_contrib.zip https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib/archive/3.1.0.zip
unzip opencv_contrib.zip
3.安装Python3环境
cd ~
wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
sudo python get-pip.py
利用虚拟环境(减少安装错误)
sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper
sudo rm -rf ~/get-pip.py ~/.cache/pip
更新加载~/.bashrc文件
echo -e "\n# virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh" >> ~/.bashr
source ~/.bashrc
创建Python虚拟环境
mkvirtualenv cv -p python3
workon cv (进入虚拟环境)
在Python虚拟环境中安装NumPy
pip install numpy
4.在Ubuntu16.04上配置编译OpenCV
确保在虚拟环境中再执行以下命令进行配置
$ cd ~/opencv-3.1.0/
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
-D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON \
-D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
-D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/opencv_contrib-3.1.0/modules \
-D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=~/.virtualenvs/cv/bin/python \
-D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON ..
确定自己电脑的内核数为几,就在 j 后面写几,进行编译
make -j4
sudo make install
5.建立sym-link,将OpenCV cv2.so绑定到Python3的cv虚拟环境中:
cd /usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/
sudo mv cv2.cpython-35m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so cv2.so
cd ~/.virtualenvs/cv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/
ln -s /usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/cv2.so cv2.so
6.测试是否安装成功
$ cd ~
$ workon cv
$ python
Python 3.5.2 (default, Jul 5 2016, 12:43:10)
[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'3.1.0'
>>>
以上就成功完成安装了!!!
7.解决安装OpenCV后根目录内存过小
前6步成功后!!!
删除!!!
删除最开始安装的OpenCV zip文件和解压文件!!!
对后期编译没有影响!!!
本文借鉴https://www.jianshu.com/p/2975af275871
如有其它问题,可移步至此