老卫带你学---Could not satisfy explicit device specification '/device:GPU:0' because no devices matching

tf源码里debug代码时遇到了下面的错误：

tensorflow.python.framework.errors.InvalidArgumentError: Cannot assign a device to node 'box_encodings': Could not satisfy explicit device specification '/device:GPU:0' because no supported kernel for GPU devices is available

原因是tf里的一个bug，解决方法是设置配置里面的allow_soft_placement=True，当运行在出现不允许在GPU运行的时候，可以切换到CPU运行。

一个例子：

  
  

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
      import tensorflow 
      
      as tf
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
      def main():
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.device(
      
      "/cpu:0"):
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              a = tf.Variable(
      
      1)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              b = tf.Variable(
      
      2)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              c = a + b   
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              init_var = tf.global_variables_initializer() 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.Session() 
      
      as sess:
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sess.run(init_var)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sumResult = sess.run(c)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              print(sumResult)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.device(
      
      "/gpu:0"):
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              a = tf.Variable(
      
      1)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              b = tf.Variable(
      
      2)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              c = a + b   
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              init_var = tf.global_variables_initializer() 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.Session() 
      
      as sess:
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sess.run(init_var)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sumResult = sess.run(c)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              print(sumResult)    
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
      if __name__ == 
      
      '__main__':
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
          main()
     
     
    
    
  
  

运行上面的代码，就会遇到Could not satisfy explicit device specification '/gpu:0'　的问题，通过设置allow_soft_placement=True来解决该问题：

    config = tf.ConfigProto(allow_soft_placement=True)

    with tf.Session(config=config) as sess:

解决后的完整代码如下：

  
  

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
      import tensorflow 
      
      as tf
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
      def main():
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.device(
      
      "/cpu:0"):
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              a = tf.Variable(
      
      1)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              b = tf.Variable(
      
      2)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              c = a + b   
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              init_var = tf.global_variables_initializer() 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.Session() 
      
      as sess:
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sess.run(init_var)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sumResult = sess.run(c)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              print(sumResult)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.device(
      
      "/gpu:0"):
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              a = tf.Variable(
      
      1)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              b = tf.Variable(
      
      2)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              c = a + b   
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              init_var = tf.global_variables_initializer() 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
          config = tf.ConfigProto(allow_soft_placement=
      
      True)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
    
      
      with tf.Session(config=config) 
      
      as sess:
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sess.run(init_var)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              sumResult = sess.run(c)
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
              print(sumResult)    
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     
 
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
      if __name__ == 
      
      '__main__':
     
     
    
    

    
    

     
     

    
    
    
    

     
     

      
          main()