高数习题12.2(上)

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-23 23:50:00 发布

VIP文章 Yjl_Richard

最新推荐文章于 2021-06-23 23:50:00 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yjl_richard/article/details/112283119

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                    设 y = f ( x ) y=f(x) y=f(x)是以 2 π 2\pi 2π为周期的函数，它在 [ − π , π ) [-\pi,\pi) [−π,π)中的表达式分别由下列各式给出，求 f ( x ) f(x) f(x)的傅氏级数及其和函数.
 (1)  f ( x ) = x , − π ≤ x < π ; f(x)=x,-\pi\leq x<\pi; f(x)=x,−π≤x<π;
 (2)  f ( x ) = x 2 , − π ≤ x ≤ π ; f(x)=x^2,-\pi\leq x\leq\pi; f(x)=x2,−π≤x≤π;
 (3)  f ( x ) = ∣ x ∣ , − π ≤ x ≤ π ; f(x)=|x|,-\pi\leq x\leq\pi; f(x)=∣x∣,−π≤x≤π;
 (4)  f ( x ) = { − 2 , − π ≤ x < 0 , 1 , 0 ≤ x < π ; f(x)=\begin{cases}-2,&-\pi\leq x<0,\\1,&0\leq x<\pi;\end{cases} f(x)={
         −2,1,​−π≤x<0,0≤x<π;​
 (5)  f ( x ) = s i n 4 x , − π ≤ x ≤ π ; f(x)=sin^4x,-\pi\leq x\leq\pi; f(x)=sin4x,−π≤x≤π;
 (6)  f ( x ) = { e x , − π ≤ x < 0 , 1 , 0 ≤ x < π ; f(x)=\begin{cases}e^x,&-\pi\leq x<0,\\1,&0\leq x<\pi;\end{cases} f(x)={
         ex,1,​−π≤x<0,0≤x<π;​
 解：
 (1) 因为 f ( x ) f(x) f(x)是奇函数，所以 a n = 0 a_n=0 an​=0， b n = 2 π ∫ 0 π f ( x ) s i n n x d x = 2 ( − 1 ) n − 1 n b_n=\frac{2}{\pi}\int_0^\pi f(x)sinnxdx=\frac{2(-1)^{n-1}}{n} bn​=π2​∫0π​f(x)sinnxdx=n2(−1)n−1​，所以 f ( x ) = 2 ∑ n = 1 ∞ ( − 1 ) n − 1 n s i n n x = { x , − π < x < π 0 , x = ± π f(x)=2\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{n}sinnx=\begin{cases}x,&-\pi<x<\pi\\0,&x=\pm\pi\end{cases} f(x)=2∑n=1∞​n(−1)n−1​sinnx={
         x,0,​−π<x<πx=±π​
 (2) 因为 f ( x ) f(x) f(x)是偶函数，所以 b n = 0 b_n=0 bn​=0， a n = 2 π ∫ 0 π f ( x ) c o s n x d x = 4 ( − 1 ) n n 2 , a 0 = 2 π ∫ 0 π f ( x ) d x = 2 π 2 3 a_n=\frac{2}{\pi}\int_0^\pi f(x)cosnxdx=\frac{4(-1)^n}{n^2},a_0=\frac{2}{\pi}\int_0^\pi f(x)dx=\frac{2\pi^2}{3} an​=π2​∫0π​f(x)cosnxdx=n24(−1)n​,a0​=π2​∫0π​f(x)dx=32π2​，所以 f ( x ) = π 2 3 + 4 ∑ n = 1 ∞ ( − 1 ) n c o s n x n 2 = x 2 , − π ≤ x ≤ π ; f(x)=\frac{\pi^2}{3}+4\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{(-1)^ncosnx}{n^2}=x^2,-\pi\leq x\leq\pi; f(x)=3π2​+4∑n=1∞​n2(−1)ncosnx​=x2,−π≤x≤π;
 (3) 因为 f ( x ) f(x) f(x)是偶函数，所以 b n = 0 b_n=0 bn​=0， a n = 2 π ∫ 0 π f ( x ) c o s n x d x = 2 [ ( − 1 ) n − 1 ] π n 2 , a 0 = 2 π ∫ 0 π f ( x ) d x = π a_n=\frac{2}{\pi}\int_0^\pi f(x)cosnxdx=\frac{2[(-1)^n-1]}{\pi n^2},a_0=\frac{2}{\pi}\int_0^\pi f(x)dx=\pi an​=π2​∫0π​f(x)cosnxdx=πn22[(−1)n−1]​,a0​=π2​∫0π​f(x)dx=π，所以 f ( x ) = π 2 − 4 π ∑ k = 1 ∞ c o s ( 2 k − 1 ) x ( 2 k − 1 ) 2 = ∣ x ∣ , − π ≤ x ≤ π ; f(x)=\frac{\pi}{2}-\frac{4}{\pi}\sum_{k=1}^\infty\frac{cos(2k-1)x}{(2k-1)^2}=|x|,-\pi\leq x\leq\pi; f(x)=

                