机器翻译数据集
import os
import torch
from d2l import torch as d2l
下载和预处理数据集
#@save
d2l.DATA_HUB['fra-eng'] = (d2l.DATA_URL + 'fra-eng.zip',
'94646ad1522d915e7b0f9296181140edcf86a4f5')
#@save
def read_data_nmt():
"""载入“英语-法语”数据集"""
data_dir = d2l.download_extract('fra-eng')
with open(os.path.join(data_dir, 'fra.txt'), 'r',
encoding='utf-8') as f:
return f.read()
raw_text = read_data_nmt()
print(raw_text[:75])
Downloading D:\environment\data\data\fra-eng.zip from http://d2l-data.s3-accelerate.amazonaws.com/fra-eng.zip...
Go. Va !
Hi. Salut !
Run! Cours !
Run! Courez !
Who? Qui ?
Wow! Ça alors !
#@save
def preprocess_nmt(text):
"""预处理“英语-法语”数据集"""
def no_space(char, prev_char):
return char in set(',.!?') and prev_char != ' '
# 使用空格替换不间断空格
# 使用小写字母替换大写字母
text = text.replace('\u202f', ' ').replace('\xa0', ' ').lower()
# 在单词和标点符号之间插入空格
out = [' ' + char if i > 0 and no_space(char, text[i - 1]) else char
for i, char in enumerate(text)]
return ''.join(out)
text = preprocess_nmt(raw_text)
print(text[:80])
go . va !
hi . salut !
run ! cours !
run ! courez !
who ? qui ?
wow ! ça alors !
词元化
#@save
def tokenize_nmt(text, num_examples=None):
"""词元化“英语-法语”数据数据集"""
source, target = [], []
for i, line in enumerate(text.split('\n')):
if num_examples and i > num_examples:
break
parts = line.split('\t')
if len(parts) == 2:
source.append(parts[0].split(' '))
target.append(parts[1].split(' '))
return source, target
source, target = tokenize_nmt(text)
source[:6], target[:6]
([['go', '.'],
['hi', '.'],
['run', '!'],
['run', '!'],
['who', '?'],
['wow', '!']],
[['va', '!'],
['salut', '!'],
['cours', '!'],
['courez', '!'],
['qui', '?'],
['ça', 'alors', '!']])
看看效果
def show_list_len_pair_hist(legend, xlabel, ylabel, xlist, ylist):
"""绘制列表长度对的直方图"""
d2l.set_figsize()
_, _, patches = d2l.plt.hist(
[[len(l) for l in xlist], [len(l) for l in ylist]])
d2l.plt.xlabel(xlabel)
d2l.plt.ylabel(ylabel)
for patch in patches[1].patches:
patch.set_hatch('/')
d2l.plt.legend(legend)
show_list_len_pair_hist(['source', 'target'], '# tokens per sequence',
'count', source, target);
在这个简单的“英-法”数据集中,大多数文本序列的词元数量少于20个。
词表
src_vocab = d2l.Vocab(source, min_freq=2,
reserved_tokens=['<pad>', '<bos>', '<eos>'])
len(src_vocab)
‘’:填充符
‘’:开始符
‘’:结束符
10012
加载数据集
截断或填充
#@save
def truncate_pad(line, num_steps, padding_token):
"""截断或填充文本序列"""
if len(line) > num_steps:
return line[:num_steps] # 截断
return line + [padding_token] * (num_steps - len(line)) # 填充
truncate_pad(src_vocab[source[0]], 10, src_vocab['<pad>'])
[47, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]
#@save
def build_array_nmt(lines, vocab, num_steps):
"""将机器翻译的文本序列转换成小批量"""
lines = [vocab[l] for l in lines]
lines = [l + [vocab['<eos>']] for l in lines]
array = torch.tensor([truncate_pad(
l, num_steps, vocab['<pad>']) for l in lines])
valid_len = (array != vocab['<pad>']).type(torch.int32).sum(1)
return array, valid_len
整合一下
#@save
def load_data_nmt(batch_size, num_steps, num_examples=600):
"""返回翻译数据集的迭代器和词表"""
text = preprocess_nmt(read_data_nmt())
source, target = tokenize_nmt(text, num_examples)
src_vocab = d2l.Vocab(source, min_freq=2,
reserved_tokens=['<pad>', '<bos>', '<eos>'])
tgt_vocab = d2l.Vocab(target, min_freq=2,
reserved_tokens=['<pad>', '<bos>', '<eos>'])
src_array, src_valid_len = build_array_nmt(source, src_vocab, num_steps)
tgt_array, tgt_valid_len = build_array_nmt(target, tgt_vocab, num_steps)
data_arrays = (src_array, src_valid_len, tgt_array, tgt_valid_len)
data_iter = d2l.load_array(data_arrays, batch_size)
return data_iter, src_vocab, tgt_vocab
测试一下加载数据
train_iter, src_vocab, tgt_vocab = load_data_nmt(batch_size=2, num_steps=8)
for X, X_valid_len, Y, Y_valid_len in train_iter:
print('X:', X.type(torch.int32))
print('X的有效长度:', X_valid_len)
print('Y:', Y.type(torch.int32))
print('Y的有效长度:', Y_valid_len)
break
输出
X: tensor([[71, 5, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[ 0, 4, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]], dtype=torch.int32)
X的有效长度: tensor([3, 3])
Y: tensor([[98, 5, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[ 0, 5, 3, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]], dtype=torch.int32)
Y的有效长度: tensor([3, 3])
看看各中间变量格式:
read_data_nmt()
:加载原始数据集
Go. Va !
Hi. Salut !
Run! Cours !
Run! Courez !
Who? Qui ?
Wow! Ça alors !
text = preprocess_nmt(read_data_nmt())
:大写变小写,在单词和标点符号之间插入空格
go . va !
hi . salut !
run ! cours !
run ! courez !
who ? qui ?
wow ! ça alors !
source, target = tokenize_nmt(text, 600)
:词元化
[[‘go’, ‘.’],
[‘hi’, ‘.’],
[‘run’, ‘!’],
[‘run’, ‘!’],
[‘who’, ‘?’],
[‘wow’, ‘!’],…]
src_array, src_valid_len = build_array_nmt(source, src_vocab, 10)
:
将词转换成词表中的对应下标,裁成长度为10的,加上填充和特舒符号。
tensor([[ 9, 4, 3, …, 1, 1, 1],
[113, 4, 3, …, 1, 1, 1],
[ 54, 5, 3, …, 1, 1, 1],
…,
[ 6, 112, 4, …, 1, 1, 1],
[ 6, 112, 4, …, 1, 1, 1],
[ 6, 0, 4, …, 1, 1, 1]])
src_valid_len
:除了填充每个样本有用的长度