acwing算法提高之基础算法--前缀和、差分、二分

1 介绍

本博客用来记录前缀和、差分、二分相关的题目。

2 训练

题目1：99激光炸弹

C++代码如下，

#include <cstdio>
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const int N = 5010;

int s[N][N];

int main() {
    int n, R;
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &R);
    R = min(R, 5001);
    
    for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        int x, y, w;
        scanf("%d%d%d", &x, &y, &w);
        x++, y++;
        s[x][y] += w;
    }
    
    for (int i = 1; i <= 5001; ++i) {
        for (int j = 1; j <= 5001; ++j) {
            s[i][j] += s[i-1][j] + s[i][j-1] - s[i-1][j-1];
        }
    }
    
    int res = 0;
    for (int i = R; i <= 5001; ++i) {
        for (int j = R; j <= 5001; ++j) {
            res = max(res, s[i][j] - s[i-R][j] - s[i][j-R] + s[i-R][j-R]);
        }
    }
    
    printf("%d\n", res);
    
    return 0;
}

题目2：100增减序列

C++代码如下，

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const int N = 100010;

typedef long long LL;

int n;
int a[N], b[N];

int main() {
    scanf("%d", &n);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) scanf("%d", &a[i]);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) b[i] = a[i] - a[i-1];
    
    LL p = 0, q = 0;
    for (int i = 2; i <= n; ++i) {
        if (b[i] > 0) p += b[i];
        else q -= b[i];
    }
    
    cout << max(p, q) << endl;
    cout << abs(p - q) + 1 << endl;
    
    return 0;
}

题目3：102最佳牛围栏

C++代码如下，

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const int N = 100010;

int n, F;
double a[N], s[N];

bool check(double avg) {
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) s[i] = s[i-1] + a[i] - avg;
    
    double mins = 0;
    for (int k = F; k <= n; ++k) {
        mins = min(mins, s[k-F]);
        if (s[k] >= mins) return true;
    }
    return false;
}

int main() {
    scanf("%d%d", &n, &F);
    
    double l = 0, r = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
        scanf("%lf", &a[i]);
        r = max(r, a[i]);
    }
    
    while (r - l > 1e-5) {
        double mid = (l + r) / 2;
        if (check(mid)) l = mid;
        else r = mid;
    }
    
    printf("%d\n", (int)(r * 1000));
    
    return 0;
}

题目4：113特殊排序

C++代码如下，

// Forward declaration of compare API.
// bool compare(int a, int b);
// return bool means whether a is less than b.

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> specialSort(int N) {
        vector<int> res(1, 1);
        for (int i = 2; i <= N; ++i) {
            int l = 0, r = res.size() - 1;
            while (l < r) {
                int mid = l + r + 1 >> 1;
                if (compare(res[mid], i)) l = mid;
                else r = mid - 1;
            }
            
            res.push_back(i);
            for (int j = res.size() - 2; j > r; j--) swap(res[j], res[j+1]);
            if (compare(i, res[r])) swap(res[r], res[r+1]);
        }
        return res;
    }
};