# * coding:utf-8_*_
# 作者 :XiangLin
# 创建时间 :10/02/2020 11:15
# 文件 :2-3_Data_Analysis_part2.py
# IDE :PyCharm
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
# Make the graphs a bit prettier, and bigger
# This is necessary to show lots of columns in pandas 0.12.
# Not necessary in pandas 0.13.
plt.style.use("bmh")
plt.rc('font', family='SimHei', size=13) #显示中文
pd.set_option('display.max_columns',1000)
pd.set_option('display.width', 1000)
pd.set_option('display.max_colwidth',1000)
继续2.2的形式，把数据读进来。
3.1 按条件来筛选数据
额，先看看全部的数据。
complaints = pd.read_csv('311-service-requests.csv')
print(complaints.head())
输出
Unique Key Created Date Closed Date Agency Agency Name Complaint Type Descriptor Location Type Incident Zip Incident Address Street Name Cross Street 1 Cross Street 2 Intersection Street 1 Intersection Street 2 Address Type City Landmark Facility Type Status Due Date Resolution Action Updated Date Community Board Borough X Coordinate (State Plane) Y Coordinate (State Plane) Park Facility Name Park Borough School Name School Number School Region School Code School Phone Number School Address School City School State School Zip School Not Found School or Citywide Complaint Vehicle Type Taxi Company Borough Taxi Pick Up Location Bridge Highway Name Bridge Highway Direction Road Ramp Bridge Highway Segment Garage Lot Name Ferry Direction Ferry Terminal Name Latitude Longitude Location
0 26589651 10/31/2013 02:08:41 AM NaN NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Talking Street/Sidewalk 11432 90-03 169 STREET 169 STREET 90 AVENUE 91 AVENUE NaN NaN ADDRESS JAMAICA NaN Precinct Assigned 10/31/2013 10:08:41 AM 10/31/2013 02:35:17 AM 12 QUEENS QUEENS 1042027.0 197389.0 Unspecified QUEENS Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.708275 -73.791604 (40.70827532593202, -73.79160395779721)
1 26593698 10/31/2013 02:01:04 AM NaN NYPD New York City Police Department Illegal Parking Commercial Overnight Parking Street/Sidewalk 11378 58 AVENUE 58 AVENUE 58 PLACE 59 STREET NaN NaN BLOCKFACE MASPETH NaN Precinct Open 10/31/2013 10:01:04 AM NaN 05 QUEENS QUEENS 1009349.0 201984.0 Unspecified QUEENS Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.721041 -73.909453 (40.721040535628305, -73.90945306791765)
2 26594139 10/31/2013 02:00:24 AM 10/31/2013 02:40:32 AM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Commercial Loud Music/Party Club/Bar/Restaurant 10032 4060 BROADWAY BROADWAY WEST 171 STREET WEST 172 STREET NaN NaN ADDRESS NEW YORK NaN Precinct Closed 10/31/2013 10:00:24 AM 10/31/2013 02:39:42 AM 12 MANHATTAN MANHATTAN 1001088.0 246531.0 Unspecified MANHATTAN Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.843330 -73.939144 (40.84332975466513, -73.93914371913482)
3 26595721 10/31/2013 01:56:23 AM 10/31/2013 02:21:48 AM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Vehicle Car/Truck Horn Street/Sidewalk 10023 WEST 72 STREET WEST 72 STREET COLUMBUS AVENUE AMSTERDAM AVENUE NaN NaN BLOCKFACE NEW YORK NaN Precinct Closed 10/31/2013 09:56:23 AM 10/31/2013 02:21:10 AM 07 MANHATTAN MANHATTAN 989730.0 222727.0 Unspecified MANHATTAN Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.778009 -73.980213 (40.7780087446372, -73.98021349023975)
4 26590930 10/31/2013 01:53:44 AM NaN DOHMH Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Rodent Condition Attracting Rodents Vacant Lot 10027 WEST 124 STREET WEST 124 STREET LENOX AVENUE ADAM CLAYTON POWELL JR BOULEVARD NaN NaN BLOCKFACE NEW YORK NaN NaN Pending 11/30/2013 01:53:44 AM 10/31/2013 01:59:54 AM 10 MANHATTAN MANHATTAN 998815.0 233545.0 Unspecified MANHATTAN Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.807691 -73.947387 (40.80769092704951, -73.94738703491433)
如果我们想挑选出来"Complaint Type"字段为某一类（比如"Noise - Street/Sidewalk"）的数据，怎么选呢？
我们先看怎么选，一会儿解释下。
noise_complaints = complaints[complaints['Complaint Type'] == "Noise - Street/Sidewalk"]
print(noise_complaints[:3])
输出：
Unique Key Created Date Closed Date Agency Agency Name Complaint Type Descriptor Location Type Incident Zip Incident Address Street Name Cross Street 1 Cross Street 2 Intersection Street 1 Intersection Street 2 Address Type City Landmark Facility Type Status Due Date Resolution Action Updated Date Community Board Borough X Coordinate (State Plane) Y Coordinate (State Plane) Park Facility Name Park Borough School Name School Number School Region School Code School Phone Number School Address School City School State School Zip School Not Found School or Citywide Complaint Vehicle Type Taxi Company Borough Taxi Pick Up Location Bridge Highway Name Bridge Highway Direction Road Ramp Bridge Highway Segment Garage Lot Name Ferry Direction Ferry Terminal Name Latitude Longitude Location
0 26589651 10/31/2013 02:08:41 AM NaN NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Talking Street/Sidewalk 11432 90-03 169 STREET 169 STREET 90 AVENUE 91 AVENUE NaN NaN ADDRESS JAMAICA NaN Precinct Assigned 10/31/2013 10:08:41 AM 10/31/2013 02:35:17 AM 12 QUEENS QUEENS 1042027.0 197389.0 Unspecified QUEENS Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.708275 -73.791604 (40.70827532593202, -73.79160395779721)
16 26594086 10/31/2013 12:54:03 AM 10/31/2013 02:16:39 AM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Music/Party Street/Sidewalk 10310 173 CAMPBELL AVENUE CAMPBELL AVENUE HENDERSON AVENUE WINEGAR LANE NaN NaN ADDRESS STATEN ISLAND NaN Precinct Closed 10/31/2013 08:54:03 AM 10/31/2013 02:07:14 AM 01 STATEN ISLAND STATEN ISLAND 952013.0 171076.0 Unspecified STATEN ISLAND Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.636182 -74.116150 (40.63618202176914, -74.1161500428337)
25 26591573 10/31/2013 12:35:18 AM 10/31/2013 02:41:35 AM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Talking Street/Sidewalk 10312 24 PRINCETON LANE PRINCETON LANE HAMPTON GREEN DEAD END NaN NaN ADDRESS STATEN ISLAND NaN Precinct Closed 10/31/2013 08:35:18 AM 10/31/2013 01:45:17 AM 03 STATEN ISLAND STATEN ISLAND 929577.0 140964.0 Unspecified STATEN ISLAND Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.553421 -74.196743 (40.55342078716953, -74.19674315017886)
你看看上面我们选出来的数据的 noise_complaints字段，发现我们确实按条件筛出来了想要的数据，背后的原理是什么呢？
我们先看看，中括号内的部分，会生成一个True或者False的布尔型dataframe
print(complaints['Complaint Type'] == "Noise - Street/Sidewalk")
输出：
0 True
1 False
2 False
3 False
4 False
5 False
6 False
7 False
8 False
9 False
10 False
11 False
12 False
13 False
14 False
15 False
16 True
17 False
18 False
19 False
20 False
21 False
22 False
23 False
24 False
25 True
26 False
27 False
28 True
29 False
...
111039 False
111040 False
111041 False
111042 True
111043 False
111044 True
111045 False
111046 False
111047 False
111048 True
111049 False
111050 False
111051 False
111052 False
111053 False
111054 True
111055 False
111056 False
111057 False
111058 False
111059 True
111060 False
111061 False
111062 False
111063 False
111064 False
111065 False
111066 True
111067 False
111068 False
既然看到布尔型的数值出来了，大家一定会想到逻辑运算（与或非…），是的，如果你现在需要多个条件判定呢？
恩，比如你的条件是’Complaint Type’字段为"Noise - Street/Sidewalk"，且’Borough’字段为"BROOKLYN"：
is_noise = complaints['Complaint Type'] == "Noise - Street/Sidewalk"
in_brooklyn = complaints['Borough'] == "BROOKLYN"
print(complaints[is_noise & in_brooklyn][:5])
输出:
Unique Key Created Date Closed Date Agency Agency Name Complaint Type Descriptor Location Type Incident Zip Incident Address Street Name Cross Street 1 Cross Street 2 Intersection Street 1 Intersection Street 2 Address Type City Landmark Facility Type Status Due Date Resolution Action Updated Date Community Board Borough X Coordinate (State Plane) Y Coordinate (State Plane) Park Facility Name Park Borough School Name School Number School Region School Code School Phone Number School Address School City School State School Zip School Not Found School or Citywide Complaint Vehicle Type Taxi Company Borough Taxi Pick Up Location Bridge Highway Name Bridge Highway Direction Road Ramp Bridge Highway Segment Garage Lot Name Ferry Direction Ferry Terminal Name Latitude Longitude Location
31 26595564 10/31/2013 12:30:36 AM NaN NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Music/Party Street/Sidewalk 11236 AVENUE J AVENUE J EAST 80 STREET EAST 81 STREET NaN NaN BLOCKFACE BROOKLYN NaN Precinct Open 10/31/2013 08:30:36 AM NaN 18 BROOKLYN BROOKLYN 1008937.0 170310.0 Unspecified BROOKLYN Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.634104 -73.911055 (40.634103775951736, -73.91105541883589)
49 26595553 10/31/2013 12:05:10 AM 10/31/2013 02:43:43 AM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Talking Street/Sidewalk 11225 25 LEFFERTS AVENUE LEFFERTS AVENUE WASHINGTON AVENUE BEDFORD AVENUE NaN NaN ADDRESS BROOKLYN NaN Precinct Closed 10/31/2013 08:05:10 AM 10/31/2013 01:29:29 AM 09 BROOKLYN BROOKLYN 995366.0 180388.0 Unspecified BROOKLYN Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.661793 -73.959934 (40.6617931276793, -73.95993363978067)
109 26594653 10/30/2013 11:26:32 PM 10/31/2013 12:18:54 AM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Music/Party Street/Sidewalk 11222 NaN NaN NaN NaN DOBBIN STREET NORMAN STREET INTERSECTION BROOKLYN NaN Precinct Closed 10/31/2013 07:26:32 AM 10/31/2013 12:18:54 AM 01 BROOKLYN BROOKLYN 996925.0 203271.0 Unspecified BROOKLYN Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.724600 -73.954271 (40.724599563793525, -73.95427134534344)
236 26591992 10/30/2013 10:02:58 PM 10/30/2013 10:23:20 PM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Talking Street/Sidewalk 11218 DITMAS AVENUE DITMAS AVENUE NaN NaN NaN NaN LATLONG BROOKLYN NaN Precinct Closed 10/31/2013 06:02:58 AM 10/30/2013 10:23:20 PM 01 BROOKLYN BROOKLYN 991895.0 171051.0 Unspecified BROOKLYN Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified Unspecified N NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 40.636169 -73.972455 (40.63616876563881, -73.97245504682485)
370 26594167 10/30/2013 08:38:25 PM 10/30/2013 10:26:28 PM NYPD New York City Police Department Noise - Street/Sidewalk Loud Music/Party Street/Sidewalk 11218
我们也可以只看选出来的数据里面的一些列：
print(complaints[is_noise & in_brooklyn][['Complaint Type','Borough','Created Date','Descriptor']][:10])
输出：
Complaint Type Borough Created Date Descriptor
31 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/31/2013 12:30:36 AM Loud Music/Party
49 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/31/2013 12:05:10 AM Loud Talking
109 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/30/2013 11:26:32 PM Loud Music/Party
236 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/30/2013 10:02:58 PM Loud Talking
370 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/30/2013 08:38:25 PM Loud Music/Party
378 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/30/2013 08:32:13 PM Loud Talking
656 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/30/2013 06:07:39 PM Loud Music/Party
1251 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/30/2013 03:04:51 PM Loud Talking
5416 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/29/2013 10:07:02 PM Loud Talking
5584 Noise - Street/Sidewalk BROOKLYN 10/29/2013 08:15:59 PM Loud Music/Party
3.2 从numpy到pandas
说起来，pandas数据的每一列其实是pd.Series类型的
n = pd.Series([1,2,3])
print(n)
# pandas Series底层是numpy数组，如果你在 Series后面加上 .values ，你得到的就是一个实实在在的numpy数组
n1 = np.array([1,2,3])
print(n1)
print(pd.Series([1,2,3]).values)
# 所以呢，其实刚才的布尔判定，和numpy有密不可分的关系（当然，你自己用pandas的时候，可以不管底层是什么实现的）
arr = np.array([1,2,3])
print(arr !=2)
print(arr[arr != 2])
输出：
0 1
1 2
2 3
dtype: int64
[1 2 3]
[1 2 3]
[ True False True]
[1 3]
3.3 所以，咱们汇总一下，分析点数据出来？
is_noise = complaints['Complaint Type'] == 'Noise - Street/Sidewalk'
noise_complaints = complaints[is_noise]
counts = noise_complaints['Borough'].value_counts()
print(counts)
# 发现曼哈顿好像最吵。绝对大小的数值当然也是有说服力的，咱们还是习惯转换成比例的形式，比如下面这样：
noise_complaints_counts = noise_complaints['Borough'].value_counts()
complaints_counts = complaints['Borough'].value_counts()
rate = noise_complaints_counts / complaints_counts
print(rate)
# 上一步操作你得到的结果其实都会是0，为啥？python默认的整型和整型除法得到的结果还是整型，所以我们最好把 complaint_counts 字段类型转换一下，转成float型的。
rate1 = noise_complaints_counts / complaints_counts.astype(float)
print(rate1)
输出：
MANHATTAN 917
BROOKLYN 456
BRONX 292
QUEENS 226
STATEN ISLAND 36
Unspecified 1
Name: Borough, dtype: int64
BRONX 0.014833
BROOKLYN 0.013864
MANHATTAN 0.037755
QUEENS 0.010143
STATEN ISLAND 0.007474
Unspecified 0.000141
Name: Borough, dtype: float64
BRONX 0.014833
BROOKLYN 0.013864
MANHATTAN 0.037755
QUEENS 0.010143
STATEN ISLAND 0.007474
Unspecified 0.000141
Name: Borough, dtype: float64
再画个图
(noise_complaints_counts / complaints_counts.astype(float)).plot(kind = 'bar')
plt.show()
数据链接:链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1BX9z2WeAHrA0hduuf1OD0A
提取码：o2o8
来自七月在线数据挖掘算法
向林
2020年2月10日于重庆城口
好好学习，天天向上,终有所获
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