android widget -- ListView

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-31 16:13:30 发布

JeffTech

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-31 16:13:30 发布

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分类专栏： Android

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/youth0532/article/details/75306371

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https://developer.android.google.cn/reference/android/widget/ListView.html

对于ListView这种adapter view，一般分为三个步骤：1. 准备数据源；2.new一个对应的adapter；3.设置adapter。下面举一个很简单的例子：

public class ListViewDemoActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "ListViewDemoActivity";

    private ListView mLV;
    private String[] mDatas = new String[7];
    ArrayAdapter<String> mAdapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_list_view_demo);

        mLV = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.sample_listview);
        // 1.prepare data source
        initData();
        // 2. new adapter
        mAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, mDatas);
        // 3. set adapter
        mLV.setAdapter(mAdapter);
    }

    private void initData() {
        mDatas[0] = "Monday";
        mDatas[1] = "Tuesday";
        mDatas[2] = "Wednesday";
        mDatas[3] = "Thursday";
        mDatas[4] = "Friday";
        mDatas[5] = "Saturday";
        mDatas[6] = "Sunday";
    }
}

对应的布局文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/sample_listview"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:divider="@color/colorAccent"
        android:dividerHeight="3dp"
        android:scrollbars="none">
    </ListView>

</LinearLayout>

显示的效果为：

=============================================================

ArrayAdapter方式呈现出来的view和内容过于单一，可以使用SimpleAdapter，达到图文并茂的效果，这时候可以使用多种数据类型，比如图片和文字等，可以使用自己的布局（当然，ArrayAdapter也可以使用自己的布局，而非系统中预置的，但它的数据类型太单一，似乎没啥必要）。看个SimpleAdapter的例子吧

listView的item的布局文件simple_adapter_item.xml内容为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:id="@+id/img"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:id="@+id/simple_tv"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textSize="28sp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

代码为：

public class ListViewDemoActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "ListViewDemoActivity";

    private ListView mLV;
//    private String[] mDatas = new String[7];
//    private ArrayAdapter<String> mAdapter;
    private List<Map<String, Object>> mDatas = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
    private SimpleAdapter mSimpleAdapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_list_view_demo);

        mLV = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.sample_listview);
        // 1.prepare data source
        initData();
        // 2. new adapter
//        mAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, mDatas);
        mSimpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, mDatas, R.layout.simple_adapter_item, new String[]{"img","name"},new int[]{R.id.img,R.id.simple_tv} );
        // 3. set adapter
        mLV.setAdapter(mSimpleAdapter);
    }

    private void initData() {
        Map map1 = new HashMap();
        map1.put("img", R.drawable.camera);
        map1.put("name", "阿里");
        Map map2 = new HashMap();
        map2.put("img", R.drawable.camera);
        map2.put("name", "百度");
        Map map3 = new HashMap();
        map3.put("img", R.drawable.camera);
        map3.put("name", "腾讯");
        mDatas.add(map1);
        mDatas.add(map2);
        mDatas.add(map3);
    }
}

这里就是构造SimpleAdapter的参数多一些，

https://developer.android.google.cn/reference/android/widget/SimpleAdapter.html

SimpleAdapter(Context context, List<? extends Map<String, ?>> data, int resource, String[] from, int[] to)

context就不必多说；

第二个参数，可以参考上面initData()，数据的每一项需要是Map类型；

第三个参数，adapter view每一个子view的布局

第四个 from，表示数据中要转化的元素

第五个 to，表示对应的view（或者布局文件）中的元素节点

呈现的效果为：

==============================

BaseAdapter方式

目测SimpleAdapter已经可以做成大部分定制了，但很明显BaseAdapter可以做的事情更多，但也需要自己写的东西更多，比如需要自己去写BaseAdapter的子类和布局。

布局文件还是复用之前的simple_adapter_item.xml文件，

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal">

    <ImageView
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:id="@+id/img"
        android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"/>
    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:id="@+id/simple_tv"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:textSize="28sp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="50dp"/>
</LinearLayout>

java代码：

public class ListViewDemoActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "ListViewDemoActivity";

    private ListView mLV;
    private List<Animal> mDatas = new ArrayList<Animal>();
    private MyAdapter myAdapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_list_view_demo);

        mLV = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.sample_listview);
        // 1.prepare data source
        initData();
        // 2. new adapter
//        mAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, mDatas);
//        myAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, mDatas, R.layout.simple_adapter_item, new String[]{"img","name"},new int[]{R.id.img,R.id.simple_tv} );
        myAdapter = new MyAdapter(this, mDatas);
        // 3. set adapter
        mLV.setAdapter(myAdapter);
    }

    private void initData() {
        Animal anim1 = new Animal("老虎", R.drawable.camera);
        Animal anim2 = new Animal("狮子", R.drawable.camera);
        Animal anim3 = new Animal("大象", R.drawable.camera);
        Animal anim4 = new Animal("蛏子", R.drawable.camera);
        mDatas.add(anim1);
        mDatas.add(anim2);
        mDatas.add(anim3);
        mDatas.add(anim4);
    }
}

class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

    private Context context;
    private List<Animal> datas;
    public MyAdapter(Context context, List<Animal> datas) {
        this.context = context;
        this.datas = datas;
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return datas.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return datas.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
//        return null;
        Animal anim = (Animal) getItem(position);
        View view;
        if (convertView == null) {
            view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.simple_adapter_item, null);

        } else {
            view = convertView;

        }

        TextView tv = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.simple_tv);
        ImageView img = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.img);
        tv.setText(anim.getName());
        img.setImageResource(anim.getImgId());

        return view;
    }
}

class Animal {
    private String name;
    private int imgId;

    public Animal(String name, int imgId) {
        this.name = name;
        this.imgId = imgId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getImgId() {
        return imgId;
    }

    public void setImgId(int imgId) {
        this.imgId = imgId;
    }
}

继承BaseAdapter时需要override几个方法，getCount, getItem, getItemId, getView。

显示效果：