392、Java框架47 -【Hibernate - 关系 - 实现多对一】 2020.10.20

1、关系：多对一

一个Product对应一个Category
一个Category对应多个Product

所以Product和Category是多对一的关系
本例讲解如何使用Hibernate实现多对一关系

2、效果

通过多对一关系，设置了id=8的产品对应 id=1的分类

3、准备Category.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
public class Category {
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    int id;
    String name;
}

4、准备Category.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
 
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
    <class name="Category" table="category_">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
        <property name="name" />
    </class>
     
</hibernate-mapping>

5、为Product.java增加Category属性

package com.how2java.pojo;
public class Product {
    int id;
    String name;
    float price;
    Category category;
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public float getPrice() {
        return price;
    }
    public void setPrice(float price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
     
}

6、在Product.hbm.xml中设置Category 多对一关系

<many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" />

使用many-to-one 标签设置多对一关系
name=“category” 对应Product类中的category属性
class=“Category” 表示对应Category类
column=“cid” 表示指向 category_表的外键

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
 
<hibernate-mapping package="com.how2java.pojo">
    <class name="Product" table="product_">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native">
            </generator>
        </id>
 
        <property name="name" />
        <property name="price" />
        <many-to-one name="category" class="Category" column="cid" />
    </class>
     
</hibernate-mapping>

7、在hibernate.cfg.xml中增加Category的映射

新增Category映射

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
       "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
 
    <session-factory>
        <!-- Database connection settings -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=GBK</property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">admin</property>
        <!-- SQL dialect -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
        <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <mapping resource="com/how2java/pojo/Product.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="com/how2java/pojo/Category.hbm.xml" />
    </session-factory>
 
</hibernate-configuration>

8、TestHibernate 测试many-to-one关系

在这个测试例子中，增加了一个新的Category对象"c1"
并将其设置为id=8的product的category

package com.how2java.test;
  
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Category;
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
public class TestHibernate {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SessionFactory sf = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
  
        Session s = sf.openSession();
        s.beginTransaction();
         
        Category c =new Category();
        c.setName("c1");
        s.save(c);
         
        Product p = (Product) s.get(Product.class, 8);
        p.setCategory(c);
        s.update(p);
         
        s.getTransaction().commit();
        s.close();
        sf.close();
    }
}

8、参考链接

[01] How2j - Hibernate - 关系 - 实现多对一