好的，我可以为您提供哈夫曼编码文件压缩与解压的C语言实现的代码，以下是压缩部分的示例代码：
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>
// 哈夫曼树节点结构体定义
typedef struct HuffmanNode {
unsigned char data; // 字符数据
int freq; // 字符出现频率
struct HuffmanNode *left, *right; // 左右子节点指针
} HuffmanNode;
// 哈夫曼编码结构体定义
typedef struct HuffmanCode {
unsigned char data; // 字符数据
char *code; // 字符对应编码
} HuffmanCode;
// 哈夫曼树节点优先队列结构体定义
typedef struct PriorityQueue {
int size; // 队列大小
int capacity; // 队列容量
HuffmanNode **nodes; // 指向哈夫曼树节点的指针数组
} PriorityQueue;
// 创建新的哈夫曼树节点
HuffmanNode *newHuffmanNode(unsigned char data, int freq) {
HuffmanNode *node = (HuffmanNode *)malloc(sizeof(HuffmanNode));
node->data = data;
node->freq = freq;
node->left = node->right = NULL;
return node;
}
// 创建新的哈夫曼编码结构体
HuffmanCode newHuffmanCode(unsigned char data, char *code) {
HuffmanCode hc;
hc.data = data;
hc.code = code;
return hc;
}
// 创建新的哈夫曼树节点优先队列
PriorityQueue *newPriorityQueue(int capacity) {
PriorityQueue *pq = (PriorityQueue *)malloc(sizeof(PriorityQueue));
pq->size = 0;
pq->capacity = capacity;
pq->nodes = (HuffmanNode **)malloc(capacity * sizeof(HuffmanNode *));
return pq;
}
// 释放哈夫曼编码结构体内存
void freeHuffmanCode(HuffmanCode hc) {
free(hc.code);
}
// 释放哈夫曼树节点内存
void freeHuffmanNode(HuffmanNode *node) {
if (node != NULL) {
freeHuffmanNode(node->left);
freeHuffmanNode(node->right);
free(node);
}
}
// 释放哈夫曼树节点优先队列内存
void freePriorityQueue(PriorityQueue *pq) {
for (int i = 0; i < pq->size; i++) {
freeHuffmanNode(pq->nodes[i]);
}
free(pq->nodes);
free(pq);
}
// 判断优先队列是否为空
int isPriorityQueueEmpty(PriorityQueue *pq) {
return pq->size == 0;
}
// 判断优先队列是否已满
int isPriorityQueueFull(PriorityQueue *pq) {
return pq->size == pq->capacity;
}
// 向优先队列中插入哈夫曼树节点
void insertIntoPriorityQueue(PriorityQueue *pq, HuffmanNode *node) {
int i = pq->size;
while (i > 0 && pq->nodes[(i - 1) / 2]->freq > node->freq) {
pq->nodes[i] = pq->nodes[(i - 1) / 2];
i = (i - 1) / 2;
}
pq->nodes[i] = node;
pq->size++;
}
// 从优先队列中删除哈夫曼树节点
HuffmanNode *removeFromPriorityQueue(PriorityQueue *pq) {
HuffmanNode *minNode = pq->nodes[0];
pq->size--;
pq->nodes[0] = pq->nodes[pq->size];
int i = 0;
while (i * 2 + 1 < pq->size) {
int left = i * 2 + 1;
int right = i * 2 + 2;
int min = left;
if (right < pq->size && pq->nodes[right]->freq < pq->nodes[left]->freq) {
min = right;
}
if (pq->nodes[i]->freq > pq->nodes[min]->freq) {
HuffmanNode *temp = pq->nodes[i];
pq->nodes[i] = pq->nodes[min];
pq->nodes[min] = temp;
i = min;
} else {
break;
}
}
return minNode;
}
// 构建哈夫曼树
HuffmanNode *buildHuffmanTree(unsigned char *data, int *freq, int size) {
PriorityQueue *pq = newPriorityQueue(size);
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
HuffmanNode *node = newHuffmanNode(data[i], freq[i]);
insertIntoPriorityQueue(pq, node);
}
while (pq->size > 1) {
HuffmanNode *left = removeFromPriorityQueue(pq);
HuffmanNode *right = removeFromPriorityQueue(pq);
HuffmanNode *parent = newHuffmanNode(0, left->freq + right->freq);
parent->left = left;
parent->right = right;
insertIntoPriorityQueue(pq, parent);
}
HuffmanNode *root = removeFromPriorityQueue(pq);
freePriorityQueue(pq);
return root;
}
// 递归生成哈夫曼编码
void generateHuffmanCode(HuffmanNode *node, char *code, int depth, HuffmanCode *hcTable) {
if (node->left == NULL && node->right == NULL) {
code[depth] = '\0';
hcTable[node->data] = newHuffmanCode(node->data, strdup(code));
return;
}
code[depth] = '0';
generateHuffmanCode(node->left, code, depth + 1, hcTable);
code[depth] = '1';
generateHuffmanCode(node->right, code, depth + 1, hcTable);
}
// 哈夫曼编码文件压缩函数
void compressFile(const char *inputFileName, const char *outputFileName) {
// 打开输入文件
FILE *inputFile = fopen(inputFileName, "rb");
if (inputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: Cannot open file '%s'\n", inputFileName);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 统计文件中每个字符出现的频率
int freq[UCHAR_MAX + 1] = { 0 };
unsigned char buffer[1024];
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), inputFile)) > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < bytesRead; i++) {
freq[buffer[i]]++;
}
}
// 构建哈夫曼树
int dataSize = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= UCHAR_MAX; i++) {
if (freq[i] > 0) {
dataSize++;
}
}
unsigned char *data = (unsigned char *)malloc(dataSize * sizeof(unsigned char));
int *freqCopy = (int *)malloc(dataSize * sizeof(int));
int j = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= UCHAR_MAX; i++) {
if (freq[i] > 0) {
data[j] = (unsigned char)i;
freqCopy[j] = freq[i];
j++;
}
}
HuffmanNode *root = buildHuffmanTree(data, freqCopy, dataSize);
free(data);
free(freqCopy);
// 生成哈夫曼编码
HuffmanCode hcTable[UCHAR_MAX + 1];
char code[CHAR_BIT + 1];
generateHuffmanCode(root, code, 0, hcTable);
// 重置文件指针
fseek(inputFile, 0L, SEEK_SET);
// 打开输出文件
FILE *outputFile = fopen(outputFileName, "wb");
if (outputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: Cannot open file '%s'\n", outputFileName);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 写入哈夫曼树节点数和每个字符出现的频率
int nodeCount = dataSize * 2 - 1;
fwrite(&nodeCount, sizeof(int), 1, outputFile);
for (int i = 0; i <= UCHAR_MAX; i++) {
if (hcTable[i].code != NULL) {
fwrite(&hcTable[i].data, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, outputFile);
fwrite(&freq[i], sizeof(int), 1, outputFile);
}
}
// 逐个字符将其哈夫曼编码写入输出文件
char bitBuffer = 0;
int bitCount = 0;
while ((bytesRead = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), inputFile)) > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < bytesRead; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < strlen(hcTable[buffer[i]].code); j++) {
if (hcTable[buffer[i]].code[j] == '1') {
bitBuffer |= 1 << bitCount;
}
bitCount++;
if (bitCount == CHAR_BIT) {
fwrite(&bitBuffer, sizeof(char), 1, outputFile);
bitBuffer = 0;
bitCount = 0;
}
}
}
}
if (bitCount > 0) {
fwrite(&bitBuffer, sizeof(char), 1, outputFile);
}
// 释放内存并关闭文件
fclose(inputFile);
fclose(outputFile);
freeHuffmanNode(root);
for (int i = 0; i <= UCHAR_MAX; i++) {
freeHuffmanCode(hcTable[i]);
}
}
```
以下是解压部分的示例代码：
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>
// 哈夫曼树节点结构体定义
typedef struct HuffmanNode {
unsigned char data; // 字符数据
int freq; // 字符出现频率
struct HuffmanNode *left, *right; // 左右子节点指针
} HuffmanNode;
// 哈夫曼编码结构体定义
typedef struct HuffmanCode {
unsigned char data; // 字符数据
char *code; // 字符对应编码
} HuffmanCode;
// 读取哈夫曼树节点数和每个字符出现的频率
void readNodeCountAndFreq(FILE *inputFile, int *nodeCount, int *freq) {
fread(nodeCount, sizeof(int), 1, inputFile);
for (int i = 0; i <= UCHAR_MAX; i++) {
freq[i] = 0;
}
unsigned char data;
int f;
for (int i = 0; i < *nodeCount; i++) {
fread(&data, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, inputFile);
fread(&f, sizeof(int), 1, inputFile);
freq[data] = f;
}
}
// 重建哈夫曼树
HuffmanNode *rebuildHuffmanTree(FILE *inputFile, int *nodeCount) {
if (*nodeCount == 1) {
unsigned char data;
fread(&data, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, inputFile);
return newHuffmanNode(data, 0);
}
HuffmanNode *nodes[*nodeCount];
for (int i = 0; i < *nodeCount; i++) {
unsigned char data;
fread(&data, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, inputFile);
nodes[i] = newHuffmanNode(data, 0);
}
for (int i = 0; i < *nodeCount - 1; i++) {
int leftIndex, rightIndex;
fread(&leftIndex, sizeof(int), 1, inputFile);
fread(&rightIndex, sizeof(int), 1, inputFile);
nodes[i]->left = nodes[leftIndex];
nodes[i]->right = nodes[rightIndex];
}
return nodes[*nodeCount - 1];
}
// 从输入文件中读取一个比特
int readBit(FILE *inputFile, char *bitBuffer, int *bitCount) {
if (*bitCount == 0) {
fread(bitBuffer, sizeof(char), 1, inputFile);
*bitCount = CHAR_BIT;
}
int bit = (*bitBuffer >> (*bitCount - 1)) & 1;
(*bitCount)--;
return bit;
}
// 哈夫曼编码文件解压函数
void decompressFile(const char *inputFileName, const char *outputFileName) {
// 打开输入文件
FILE *inputFile = fopen(inputFileName, "rb");
if (inputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: Cannot open file '%s'\n", inputFileName);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 读取哈夫曼树节点数和每个字符出现的频率
int nodeCount;
int freq[UCHAR_MAX + 1];
readNodeCountAndFreq(inputFile, &nodeCount, freq);
// 重建哈夫曼树
HuffmanNode *root = rebuildHuffmanTree(inputFile, &nodeCount);
// 重置文件指针
fseek(inputFile, 0L, SEEK_SET);
fread(&nodeCount, sizeof(int), 1, inputFile);
fseek(inputFile, nodeCount * (sizeof(unsigned char) + sizeof(int)) + sizeof(int), SEEK_CUR);
// 打开输出文件
FILE *outputFile = fopen(outputFileName, "wb");
if (outputFile == NULL) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error: Cannot open file '%s'\n", outputFileName);
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
// 解压文件
HuffmanNode *node = root;
unsigned char buffer[1024];
char bitBuffer = 0;
int bitCount = 0;
int bytesRead;
while ((bytesRead = fread(buffer, 1, sizeof(buffer), inputFile)) > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < bytesRead; i++) {
int bit = readBit(inputFile, &bitBuffer, &bitCount);
if (bit == 0) {
node = node->left;
} else {
node = node->right;
}
if (node->left == NULL && node->right == NULL) {
fwrite(&node->data, sizeof(unsigned char), 1, outputFile);
node = root;
}
}
}
// 释放内存并关闭文件
fclose(inputFile);
fclose(outputFile);
freeHuffmanNode(root);
}
```
以上是哈夫曼编码文件压缩与解压的C语言实现示例代码，您可以根据需要进行修改和优化。
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