1、Sendmessage和Postmessage的区别
PostMessage只负责将消息放到消息队列中,不确定何时及是否处理
SendMessage要等到受到消息处理的返回码(DWord类型)后才继续
PostMessage执行后马上返回
SendMessage必须等到消息被处理后才会返回。
2、SendMessage函数功能描述:将指定的消息发送到一个或多个窗口。此函数为指定的窗口调用窗口过程,直到窗口过程处理完消息后才返回。
Postmessage函数则是将消息放入消息队列里,并立即返回。
PostThreadMessage函数: BOOL PostThreadMessage( DWORD idThread,
UINT Msg,
WPARAM wParam,
LPARAM lParam
);
它可以用于线程之间的异步通讯,因为它不用等待调用者返回,
.常见问题
1)使用SendMessage来实现剪切、复制和粘贴
SendMessage(hwnd, WM_COPY, 0, 0);
SendMessage(hwnd, WM_CUT, 0, 0);
SendMessage(hwnd, WM_PASTE, 0, 0);
2)SendMessage与PostMessage的区别
PostMessage将消息放入消息队列后马上返回,而SendMessage直到窗口过程处理完消息后才返回
3)SendMessage发送WM_COPYDATA消息在进程间传送数据
WM_COPYDATA消息主要目的是允许在进程间传递少量只读数据。SDK文档推荐用户使用SendMessage()函数,接收方在数据复制完成前不返回,这样发送方就不可能删除和修改数据。
例如:
std:string strData = "VC知识库 VCKBASE.COM";
COPYDATASTRUCT cds;
cds.dwData = 0;
cds.cbData = strData.Length();
cds.lpData = strData.c_str();
::SendMessage(hwnd, WM_COPYDATA, NULL, (LPARAM)&cds);
3、PostThreadMessage有时会失败,报1444错误(Invalid thread identifier. ),其实这不一定是线程不存在的原因,也有可能是线程不存在消息队列(message queue)造成的。事实上,并不是每个thread都有message queue,那如何让thread具有呢? 答案是,至少调用message相关的function一次,比如GetMessage,PeekMessage。
4、如果是postthreadmessage动态分配的memory给另外一个thread,要注意内存的正确释放。并且PostThreadMessage不能够post WM_COPYDATE之类的同步消息,否则会报错!
5、最好不要使用PostThreadMessage post message给一个窗口,使用PostMessage替代。
example:
#include <windows.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include <process.h>
#define MY_MSG WM_USER+100
const int MAX_INFO_SIZE = 20;
HANDLE hStartEvent; // thread start event
// thread function
unsigned __stdcall fun(void *param)
{
printf("thread fun start\n");
MSG msg;
PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, WM_USER, WM_USER, PM_NOREMOVE);
if(!SetEvent(hStartEvent)) //set thread start event
{
printf("set start event failed,errno:%d\n",::GetLastError());
return 1;
}
while(true)
{
if(GetMessage(&msg,0,0,0)) //get msg from message queue
{
switch(msg.message)
{
case MY_MSG:
char * pInfo = (char *)msg.wParam;
printf("recv %s\n",pInfo);
delete[] pInfo;
break;
}
}
};
return 0;
}
int main()
{
HANDLE hThread;
unsigned nThreadID;
hStartEvent = ::CreateEvent(0,FALSE,FALSE,0); //create thread start event
if(hStartEvent == 0)
{
printf("create start event failed,errno:%d\n",::GetLastError());
return 1;
}
//start thread
hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0, &fun, NULL, 0, &nThreadID );
if(hThread == 0)
{
printf("start thread failed,errno:%d\n",::GetLastError());
CloseHandle(hStartEvent);
return 1;
}
//wait thread start event to avoid PostThreadMessage return errno:1444
::WaitForSingleObject(hStartEvent,INFINITE);
CloseHandle(hStartEvent);
int count = 0;
while(true)
{
char* pInfo = new char[MAX_INFO_SIZE]; //create dynamic msg
sprintf(pInfo,"msg_%d",++count);
if(!PostThreadMessage(nThreadID,MY_MSG,(WPARAM)pInfo,0))//post thread msg
{
printf("post message failed,errno:%d\n",::GetLastError());
delete[] pInfo;
}
::Sleep(1000);
}
CloseHandle(hThread);
return 0;
}