1、下载镜像
我下载的镜像是:ubuntu-18.04.5-preinstalled-server-armhf+raspi3.img.xz
下载地址是:Ubuntu 18.04.6 LTS (Bionic Beaver)
2.使用树莓派烧录工具烧入TF卡
在这里我使用的是官方烧入工具。下载地址是:Raspberry Pi OS – Raspberry Pi
3.设置wifi和固定IP,以便后续使用SSL连接
连接树莓派的显示器和键盘,登录并修改密码,首次登录的帐号和密码都是ubuntu
sudo vim /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
按i进入修改模式,并将里面的内容修改为如下内容:
network:
ethernets:
eth0:
dhcp4: true
optional: true
version: 2
wifis:
wlan0:
dhcp4: no
addresses: [192.168.123.10/24]
optional: true
gateway4: 192.168.123.1
nameservers:
addresses: [202.96.107.28,202.96.107.29]
access-points:
"你的wifi SSID":
password: "wifi密码"
因为yaml文件对格式的要求很高。这里特别要注意:冒号后面如果没有换行,那么一定要空一格,如果换一行,那么下一行要空两格。
按“ESC”键退出编辑模式,输入:wq 保存后退出。
输入以下命令应用新配置,立即生效。
sudo netplan apply
现在你就可以使用putty远程连接你的树莓派了。
4.更改源
执行以下命令,进入编辑源文件
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list
按i进入编辑模式,用#注释掉原来起作用的源,粘贴入新的源,下面贴出我的源,用的是阿里云
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-updates multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-ports bionic-security multiverse
按“ESC”键退出编辑模式,输入以下命令退出
:wq
更新源
sudo apt update
5.需要图形界面的输入以下命令安装
sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop