目录
1.学习目标
2. 需求说明
3. 软件设计结构
4. 代码编程
1.CMUtility.java类
package com.atguigu.p2.util;
import java.util.*;
/**
CMUtility工具类:
将不同的功能封装为方法,就是可以直接通过调用方法使用它的功能,而无需考虑具体的功能实现细节。
*/
public class CMUtility {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
/**
用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘,如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符,则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
*/
public static char readMenuSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != '1' && c != '2' &&
c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
} else break;
}
return c;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readChar() {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
return str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个字符,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, true);
return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static int readInt() {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
int n;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
if (str.equals("")) {
return defaultValue;
}
try {
n = Integer.parseInt(str);
break;
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.print("数字输入错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return n;
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit) {
return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
}
/**
从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串,并将其作为方法的返回值。
如果用户不输入字符而直接回车,方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
*/
public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
return str.equals("")? defaultValue : str;
}
/**
用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’,并将其作为方法的返回值。
*/
public static char readConfirmSelection() {
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
break;
} else {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
}
}
return c;
}
private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() == 0) {
if (blankReturn) return line;
else continue;
}
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度(不大于" + limit + ")错误,请重新输入:");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
}
2. Customer类
package com.atguigu.p2.bean;
public class Customer {
private String name;
private char gender;
private int age;
private String phone;
private String email;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public char getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(char gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPhone() {
return phone;
}
public void setPhone(String phone) {
this.phone = phone;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Customer() {
}
public Customer(String name, char gender, int age, String phone, String email) {
this.name = name;
this.gender = gender;
this.age = age;
this.phone = phone;
this.email = email;
}
}
3.CustomerList类
3.1指定客户:index选择图解
package com.atguigu.p2.service;
import com.atguigu.p2.bean.Customer;
/*
* 内部用数组管理一组Customer对象,并提供相应的添加、修改、删除和遍历方法,供CustomerView调用
*/
public class CustomerList {
//属性
private Customer[] customers;//用来保存客户对象的数组
private int total = 0;//记录已保存客户对象的数量
/**
* 构造器,用来初始化customers数组
* @param totalCustomer:指定customers数组的最大空间
*/
public CustomerList(int totalCustomer){
customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
}
/**
* 将指定客户添加到数组中
* @param customer
* @return true:添加成功 false:添加失败
*/
public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer) {
if(total >= customers.length) {
System.out.println("空间已满");
return false;
}
customers[total] = customer;
total++;
return true;
}
/**
* 修改指定索引位置的客户信息
* @param index
* @param cust
* @return true:修改成功 false:修改失败
*/
public boolean replaceCustomer(int index, Customer cust) {
if(index < 0 || index >= total) {
return false;
}
customers[index] = cust;
return true;
}
/**
* 删除指定索引位置上的客户
* @param index
* @return true:删除成功 false:删除失败
* 数组是一个连续的空间,删除一个数组元素不能设为null,只能由后一个元素覆盖掉前一个
*/
public boolean deleteCustomer(int index) {
if(index<0 || index>=total) {
return false;
}
for(int i = index;i<total-1;i++) {
customers[i]=customers[i+1];
}
//最后位置有数据的元素需要置空(null)
//customers[--total] = null;
//或
customers[total-1] = null;
total--;
return true;
}
/**
* 获取所有客户信息
* @return
* 为什么不能直接返回 return customers;
* 假设customers数组的长度为10,我们真是存储的客户人数total为5,我们仅需要<=total
* 的人数就够了,customers剩下的为null,就算是调用也没有数据,多出的会降低效率。
*/
public Customer[] getAllCustomers() {
Customer[] custs = new Customer[total];
for(int i=0;i < total;i++) {
custs[i] = customers[i];
}
return custs;
}
/**
* 获取指定位置上的客户
* @param index
* @return
*/
public Customer getCustomer(int index) {
if(index<0 || index>=total){
return null;
}
return customers[index];
}
/**
* 获取存储的客户数量
* @return
*/
public int getTotal() {
return total;
}
}
4.CustomerView类
package com.atguigu.p2.ui;
import java.util.Scanner;
import com.atguigu.p2.bean.Customer;
import com.atguigu.p2.service.CustomerList;
import com.atguigu.p2.util.CMUtility;
/**
* CustomerView为主模块,负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class CustomerView {
//实例化对象,CuatomerList类的实例化,并
private CustomerList customerList = new CustomerList(10);
/**
* 显示《客户信息管理软件》界面的方法
*/
public void enterMainMenu() {
boolean isFlag = true;
while(isFlag) {
System.out.println("\n----------"+"客户信息管理软件"+"----------\n");
System.out.println(" 1 添 加 客 户");
System.out.println(" 2 修 改 客 户");
System.out.println(" 3 删 除 客 户 ");
System.out.println(" 4 客 户 列 表");
System.out.println(" 5 退 出\n");
System.out.print(" 请选择(1-5):");
char menu = CMUtility.readMenuSelection();
switch(menu) {
case '1':
addNewCustomer();
break;
case '2':
modifyCustomer();
break;
case '3':
deleteCustomer();
break;
case '4':
listAllCustomers();
break;
case '5':
System.out.print("是否退出?是:Y,否:N :");
char isExit = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
if(isExit == 'Y') {
isFlag = false;
}
//enterMainMenu();
}
}
}
/**
* 添加客户的操作
*/
private void addNewCustomer() {
System.out.println("----------添加客户 ----------");
System.out.print("姓名:");
String name = CMUtility.readString(10);
System.out.print("性别:");
char gender = CMUtility.readChar();
System.out.print("年龄:");
int age = CMUtility.readInt();
System.out.print("电话:");
String phone = CMUtility.readString(13);
System.out.print("邮箱:");
String email = CMUtility.readString(30);
//将以上数据封装到Customer类中
Customer customer = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);
boolean isAddSuccess =customerList.addCustomer(customer);
if(isAddSuccess==true) {
System.out.println("\n---------------------添加完成---------------------\n");
}else {
System.out.println("\n---------------添加失败,用户目录已满---------------\n");
}
}
/**
* 修改客户的操作
*/
private void modifyCustomer() {
System.out.println("--------------修改客户---------------------");
Customer cust;
int number ;
for(;;) {
System.out.print("请选择待修改的客户编号(-1退出):");
number = CMUtility.readInt();
if(number == -1) {
return;
}
cust = customerList.getCustomer(number-1);
if(cust == null) {
System.out.println("无法找到指定客户");
}else{
break;
}
}
//修改客户信息
System.out.print("姓名("+cust.getName()+"):");
String name = CMUtility.readString(10, cust.getName());
System.out.print("性别("+cust.getGender()+"):");
char gender = CMUtility.readChar( cust.getGender());
System.out.print("年龄("+cust.getAge()+"):");
int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge());
System.out.print("电话("+cust.getPhone()+"):");
String phone = CMUtility.readString(13, cust.getPhone());
System.out.print("邮箱("+cust.getEmail()+"):");
String email = CMUtility.readString(30, cust.getEmail());
Customer newCust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);
boolean isRepalaced = customerList.replaceCustomer(number-1, newCust);
if(isRepalaced==true) {
System.out.println("\n---------------------修改成功---------------------\n");
}else {
System.out.println("\n---------------修改失败---------------\n");
}
}
/**
* 删除客户的操作
*/
private void deleteCustomer() {
System.out.println("------------删除客户-------------------");
int number;
System.out.print("请选择删除客户的编号(-1退出):");
for(;;) {
number = CMUtility.readInt();
if(number == -1) {
return;
}
Customer cust = customerList.getCustomer(number-1);
if(cust == null) {
System.out.println("无法找到指定客户");
}else {
break;
}
}
//找到指定的客户
System.out.println("确认是否删除(Y/N):");
char isDelete = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
//boolean isDelete = customerList.deleteCustomer(number-1);
if( isDelete == 'Y') {
//customerList.deleteCustomer(number-1);
boolean deleteSuccess = customerList.deleteCustomer(number-1);
if(deleteSuccess == true) {
System.out.println("--------------删除完成--------------------");
}else {
System.out.println("--------------删除失败--------------------");
}
}else {
return;
}
}
/**
* 显示客户列表的操作
*/
private void listAllCustomers() {
System.out.println("\n-----------客户列表---------------\n");
int total = customerList.getTotal();
if(total == 0) {
System.out.println("没有客户信息");
}else {
System.out.println("编号"+"\t姓名"+"\t性别"+"\t年龄"+"\t电话"+"\t\t邮箱");
Customer[] cust = customerList.getAllCustomers();
for(int i=0;i<total;i++) {
System.out.println((i+1)+"\t"+
cust[i].getName()+"\t"+
cust[i].getGender()+"\t"+
cust[i].getAge()+"\t"+
cust[i].getPhone()+"\t"+
cust[i].getEmail());
}
}
System.out.println("----------客户列表完成-----------");
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
CustomerView view = new CustomerView();
view.enterMainMenu();
}
}
5.总结