Java基础七（简单信息管理系统）

软件设计结构

• CustomerView为主模块，负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作
• CustomerList为Customer对象的管理模块，内部用数组管理一组Customer对象，并提供相应的添加、修改、删除和遍历方法，供CustomerView调用
• Customer为实体对象，用来封装客户信息
  

public class Customer {
    private String name;
    private char gender;
    private int age;
    private String phone;
    private String email;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public char getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public void setGender(char gender) {
        this.gender = gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Customer(String name, char gender, int age, String phone, String email) {
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.age = age;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.email = email;
    }
}

public class CustomerList {
    private Customer[] customers;
    //用来保存客户对象的数组
    private int total = 0;
    //记录已保存客户对象的数量

    /**
     * 用来初始化Customers数组的构造器
     * @param totalCustomer:指定数组的长度
     */
    public CustomerList(int totalCustomer){
        customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];
    }

    /**
     * 将指定用户添加至数组中
     * @param customer
     * @return true:添加成功 false：添加失败
     */
    public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer){
        if(total >= customers.length){
            return false;
        }
        customers[total] = customer;
        total ++;
        //customers[total++] = customer;
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 修改指定索引位置的客户信息
     * @param index
     * @param cust
     * @return true:修改成功 false：修改失败
     */
    public boolean replaceCustomer(int index,Customer cust){
        if(index < 0 || index >= total){
            return false;
        }
        customers[index] = cust;
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 删除指定索引位置上的客户
     * @param index
     * @return true:删除成功 false：删除失败
     */
    public boolean deleteCustomer(int index){
        if(index < 0 || index >= total){
            return false;
        }
        for(int i =index; i < total-1;i ++){
            customers[i] = customers[i + 1];
        }
        //最后有数据的元素需要置空
        customers[total - 1] = null;
        total --;
        //customers[--total] = null;
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 获取所有客户信息
     * @return
     */
    public Customer[] getAllCustomers(){
        Customer[] custs = new Customer[total];
        for(int i = 0;i < total;i ++){
            custs[i] = customers[i];
        }
        return custs;
    }

    /**
     * 获取指定索引位置上的客户
     * @param index
     * @return 找到元素，则返回；找不到元素，返回null
     */
    public Customer getCustomer(int index){
        if(index < 0 || index >= total){
            return null;
        }
        return customers[index];
    }

    /**
     * 获取存储的客户的数量
     * @return
     */
    public int getTotal(){
        return total;
    }


}

public class CustomerView {


    private CustomerList customerList = new CustomerList(10);

    public CustomerView(){
        Customer customer = new Customer("狗子",'男',23,
                "123123123","123456.com");
        customerList.addCustomer(customer);

    }
    /**
     * 显示软件界面
     */
    public void enterMainMenu(){

        boolean isFlag = true;
        while (isFlag){
            System.out.println("\n----------客户信息管理软件----------");
            System.out.println("            1.添加客户");
            System.out.println("            2.修改客户");
            System.out.println("            3.删除客户");
            System.out.println("            4.客户列表");
            System.out.println("            5.退  出\n");
            System.out.println("            请选择（1-5）：");

            char menu = CMUtility.readMenuSelection();
            switch (menu){
                case '1':
                    addNewCustomer();
                    break;
                case '2':
                    modifyCustomer();
                    break;
                case '3':
                    deleteCustomer();
                    break;
                case '4':
                    listAllCustomers();
                    break;
                case '5':
//                    System.out.println("退出");
                    System.out.println("确认是否退出(Y/N)");
                    char isExit = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
                    if(isExit == 'Y'){
                        isFlag = false;
                    }



            }
            //isFlag = false;
        }

    }

    /**
     * 添加客户的操作
     */
    public void addNewCustomer(){
        //System.out.println("添加客户的操作");
        System.out.println("----------添加客户----------");
        System.out.print("姓名：");
        String name = CMUtility.readString(10);

        System.out.print("性别：");
        char gender = CMUtility.readChar();

        System.out.print("年龄：");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt();

        System.out.print("电话：");
        String phone = CMUtility.readString(13);

        System.out.print("email：");
        String email = CMUtility.readString(30);

        //将上述数据封装到对象中
        Customer customer = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);

        boolean isSuccess = customerList.addCustomer(customer);
        if(isSuccess){
            System.out.println("----------添加完成----------");
        }else{
            System.out.println("----------客户目录已满，添加失败----------");
        }

    }

    /**
     * 修改客户的操作
     */
    public void modifyCustomer(){
//        System.out.println("修改客户的操作");
        System.out.println("----------添加客户----------");
        Customer cust;//在for循环外面声明，不会被销毁
        int number;
        for(;;){
            System.out.println("请选择修改待修改客户编号（-1退出）：");
            number = CMUtility.readInt();
            if(number == -1){
                return;
            }
            cust = customerList.getCustomer(number - 1);
            //索引从0开始，输入数据-1
            if (cust == null){
                System.out.println("无法找打指定客户！");
            }else{//找到指定客户
                break;
            }
        }
        //修改客户信息
        System.out.print("姓名(" + cust.getName() + ")：");
        String name = CMUtility.readString(10, cust.getName());
        //若没有修改，以cust.getName()原信息
        System.out.print("性别(" + cust.getGender() + ")：");
        char gender = CMUtility.readChar(cust.getGender());
        System.out.print("年龄(" + cust.getAge() + ")：");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge());
        System.out.print("电话(" + cust.getPhone() + ")：");
        String phone = CMUtility.readString(13, cust.getPhone());
        System.out.print("email(" + cust.getEmail() + ")：");
        String email = CMUtility.readString(30, cust.getEmail());

        Customer newCust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);
        //将修改信息放置新建对象中

        boolean isReplaced = customerList.replaceCustomer(number - 1, newCust);
        if(isReplaced){
            System.out.println("----------修改成功----------");
        }else{
            System.out.println("----------添加失败----------");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 删除客户信息的操作
     */
    public void deleteCustomer(){
//        System.out.println("删除客户信息的操作");
        System.out.println("----------删除客户----------");

        int number;
        for(;;) {
            System.out.println("选择待删除客户的编号（-1退出）：");
            number = CMUtility.readInt();
            if (number == -1) {
                return;
            }
            Customer customer = customerList.getCustomer(number - 1);
            if(customer == null){
                System.out.println("无法找到指定客户!");
            }else{
                break;
            }
        }
        //找到了指定客户
        System.out.println("确认是否删除（Y/N）：");
        char isDelete = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
        if(isDelete == 'Y'){
            boolean deleteSuccess = customerList.deleteCustomer(number - 1);
            if(deleteSuccess){
                System.out.println("----------删除成功----------");
            }else{
                System.out.println("----------删除失败----------");
            }
        }else{
            return;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 显示客户列表的操作
     */
    public void listAllCustomers(){
        System.out.println("----------客户列表----------");
        int total = customerList.getTotal();
        if(total == 0){
            System.out.println("没有客户记录！");
        }else{
            System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t\t\t\t邮箱");
            Customer[] custs = customerList.getAllCustomers();
            for(int i = 0; i < custs.length; i++){
                Customer cust = custs[i];
                System.out.println((i + 1) + "\t" + cust.getName() + "\t" + cust.getGender()
                        + "\t" + cust.getAge() + "\t" + cust.getPhone() + "\t\t" + cust.getEmail());
            }


        }

        System.out.println("----------客户列表显示完成----------");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CustomerView view = new CustomerView();
        view.enterMainMenu();
    }


}

public class CMUtility {
    private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    /**
     * 用于界面菜单的选择。该方法读取键盘，如果用户键入’1’-’5’中的任意字符，则方法返回。返回值为用户键入字符。
     */
    public static char readMenuSelection() {
        char c;
        for (;;) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if (c != '1' && c != '2' && c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
                System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            } else
                break;
        }
        return c;
    }

    /**
     * 从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static char readChar() {
        String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
        return str.charAt(0);
    }

    /**
     * 从键盘读取一个字符，并将其作为方法的返回值。 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
     */
    public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
        String str = readKeyBoard(1, true);
        return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
    }

    /**
     * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static int readInt() {
        int n;
        for (;;) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }

    /**
     * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过2位的整数，并将其作为方法的返回值。 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
     */
    public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
        int n;
        for (;;) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
            if (str.equals("")) {
                return defaultValue;
            }

            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }

    /**
     * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static String readString(int limit) {
        return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
    }

    /**
     * 从键盘读取一个长度不超过limit的字符串，并将其作为方法的返回值。 如果用户不输入字符而直接回车，方法将以defaultValue 作为返回值。
     */
    public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
        String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
        return str.equals("") ? defaultValue : str;
    }

    /**
     * 用于确认选择的输入。该方法从键盘读取‘Y’或’N’，并将其作为方法的返回值。
     */
    public static char readConfirmSelection() {
        char c;
        for (;;) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
                break;
            } else {
                System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return c;
    }

    private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
        String line = "";

        while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
            line = scanner.nextLine();
            if (line.length() == 0) {
                if (blankReturn)
                    return line;
                else
                    continue;
            }

            if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
                System.out.print("输入长度（不大于" + limit + "）错误，请重新输入：");
                continue;
            }
            break;
        }

        return line;
    }
}