JAVA 语言客户信息管理系统解题报告

                               客户信息管理软件解题分析

一,实验目的:
1,模拟实现一个基于文本界面的《客户信息管理软件》
2,进一步掌握编程技巧和调试技巧，熟悉面向对象编程
3,主要涉及以下知识点：
类和对象（属性、方法及构造器）
类的封装
引用数组
数组的插入、删除和替换
对象的聚集处理
多对象协同工作
二,需求分析:
模拟实现基于文本界面的《客户信息管理软件》。
该软件能够实现对客户对象的插入、修改和删除（用数组实现），并能够打印客户明细表。

三,软件设计结构:
该软件由以下三个模块组成：
CustomerView为主模块，负责菜单的显示和处理用户操作
CustomerList为Customer对象的管理模块，内部用数组管理一组Customer对象，并提供相应的添加、修改、删除和获取方法，供CustomerView调用
Customer为实体对象，用来封装客户信息

四,实验具体内容:
见p2.ppt.

五,实验代码:
见打包程序.

六,实验后收获:

本次实验室建立在java语言对象的实验基础上进行的实验,刚拿到需求分析的时候,不知道如何下手,主要是类类型的定义和类类型的引用,类数组—存的是类的对象.比如本次实验中 Customer类是对象的属性的封装,CustomerList类是类Customer类的封装
在CustomerList类中 定义了一个数组customers[];用来存储对象,然后通过CustomerList 来操纵数组的改变,比如增删改.

此次实验三个类之间的关系是 CustomerView 是一个主菜单 来显示操纵后的结果,其中定义了CustomerList类的对象,然后通过它的对象来操纵数组customers[];然后再通过类Customer来改变对象的属性,最终达到该软件的功能.

此次实验个人不足的是没有具体理解对象,类的作用,类类型,以及逻辑思维的严谨和分析能力不足.
要引用类中的方法就要创建对象才能调用.

这里写代码片
//导入输入和输出语句类
import java.util.*;

public class CMUtility {
    private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    public static char readMenuSelection() {
        char c;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if (c != '1' && c != '2' && 
                c != '3' && c != '4' && c != '5') {
                System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            } else break;
        }
        return c;
    }

    public static char readChar() {
        String str = readKeyBoard(1, false);
        return str.charAt(0);
    }

    public static char readChar(char defaultValue) {
        String str = readKeyBoard(1, true);
        return (str.length() == 0) ? defaultValue : str.charAt(0);
    }

    public static int readInt() {
        int n;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, false);
            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }

    public static int readInt(int defaultValue) {
        int n;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(2, true);
            if (str.equals("")) {
                return defaultValue;
            }

            try {
                n = Integer.parseInt(str);
                break;
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
                System.out.print("数字输入错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return n;
    }

    public static String readString(int limit) {
        return readKeyBoard(limit, false);
    }

    public static String readString(int limit, String defaultValue) {
        String str = readKeyBoard(limit, true);
        return str.equals("")? defaultValue : str;
    }

    public static char readConfirmSelection() {
        char c;
        for (; ; ) {
            String str = readKeyBoard(1, false).toUpperCase();
            c = str.charAt(0);
            if (c == 'Y' || c == 'N') {
                break;
            } else {
                System.out.print("选择错误，请重新输入：");
            }
        }
        return c;
    }

    private static String readKeyBoard(int limit, boolean blankReturn) {
        String line = "";

        while (scanner.hasNextLine()) {
            line = scanner.nextLine();
            if (line.length() == 0) {
                if (blankReturn) return line;
                else continue;
            }

            if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
                System.out.print("输入长度（不大于" + limit + "）错误，请重新输入：");
                continue;
            }
            break;
        }

        return line;
    }
}
//主菜单视图
class CustomerView 
{

   private CustomerList cl = new CustomerList(10);


   public void enterMainMenu()
    {
       boolean flag = true;
       do{

            System.out.println("-----------------客户信息管理软件-----------------");
            System.out.println("                  1 添 加 客 户");
            System.out.println("                  2 修 改 客 户");
            System.out.println("                  3 删 除 客 户");
            System.out.println("                  4 客 户 列 表");
            System.out.println("                  5 退           出");
            System.out.println("                  请选择(1-5)：_");    


          char key = CMUtility.readMenuSelection();

          switch (key)
          {
          case '1':
              //添加客户
          addNewCustomer(); 

               break;
          case '2':
              //修改客户
          modifyCustomer();

               break;
          case '3':
              //删除客户
          deleteCustomer();
               break;
          case '4':
              //客户列表
          listAllCustomers();
               break;
          case '5':
              //退出
            System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N)：");

            char c = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
            if(c == 'Y')
            {
            flag = false;
            }

               break;
          }

        }while(flag);  



    }

    private void addNewCustomer() 
    {
     System.out.println("---------------------添加客户---------------------");
     System.out.print("姓名:");
     String name = CMUtility.readString(5);
     System.out.print("性别:");
     char gender = CMUtility.readChar();
     System.out.print("年龄:");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt(); 
     System.out.print("电话:");
     String phone = CMUtility.readString(10);
     System.out.print("邮箱:");
     String email = CMUtility.readString(40);

     Customer cu = new Customer(name , gender, age, phone, email);

      boolean flag = cl.addCustomer(cu);

      if (flag)
      { 
          System.out.println("---------------------添加完成---------------------");
      }
      else
          System.out.println("---------------------添加失败---------------------");



    }

    private void modifyCustomer()
    {
        System.out.println("---------------------修改客户---------------------");

        Customer cust = null;
        int num = 0;
        for (; ; )
         {

            System.out.print("请选择待修改客户编号(-1退出)：");
            num = CMUtility.readInt();

            if(num == -1){
                return;
            }

            cust = cl.getCustomer(num-1);

            if(cust == null)
                {
                System.out.println("对不起，找不到该用户！");
                }else
                    {
                      break;
                    }

         }

        System.out.println("姓名:("+cust.getName()+")");
        String name = CMUtility.readString(10,cust.getName());


        System.out.println("性别:("+cust.getGender()+")");
        char gender = CMUtility.readChar(cust.getGender());

        System.out.println("年龄:("+cust.getAge()+")");
        int age = CMUtility.readInt(cust.getAge());

        System.out.println("电话:("+cust.getPhone()+")");
        String phone = CMUtility.readString(15, cust.getPhone());

        System.out.println("邮箱:("+cust.getEmail()+")");
        String email = CMUtility.readString(40,cust.getEmail());

        cust = new Customer(name, gender, age, phone, email);

        boolean flag = cl.replaceCustomer(num-1, cust);
        if(flag){
            System.out.println("---------------------修改完成---------------------");
        }else{
            System.out.println("---------------------找不到该用户---------------------");
        }

    }

    private void deleteCustomer()
    {
        System.out.println("---------------------删除客户---------------------");
        Customer cust = null;
        int num = 0;
        for(;;){
            System.out.print("请选择待修改客户编号(-1退出)：");
            num = CMUtility.readInt();

            if(num == -1){
                return;
            }
            cust = cl.getCustomer(num-1);

            if(cust == null){
                System.out.println("对不起，找不到该用户！");
            }else{
                break;
            }
        }

        System.out.print("确认是否删除（Y/N）:");
        char c = CMUtility.readConfirmSelection();
        if(c == 'N'){
            return;
        }

        boolean flag = cl.deleteCustomer(num-1);
        if(flag){
            System.out.println("---------------------删除完成---------------------");
        }else{
            System.out.println("---------------------找不到该用户---------------------");
        }

    }

    private void listAllCustomers()
    {
        System.out.println("---------------------客户列表---------------------");
        Customer[] customers = cl.getAllCustomers();
        if(customers.length == 0)
            {
            System.out.println("没有客户！");
        }else
            {
            System.out.println("编号\t姓名\t性别\t年龄\t电话\t邮箱");
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < customers.length; i++){
            System.out.println((i+1) + "\t" + customers[i].getDetails());
        }
        System.out.println("---------------------客户列表完成---------------------");
    }



    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        CustomerView cv = new CustomerView();

        cv.enterMainMenu();
    }
}
//客户数组类 定义了一组对象数组
class CustomerList
{
    private Customer customers[];
    private int total = 0;

    public CustomerList(int totalCustomer)
    {
        customers = new Customer[totalCustomer];

    }

    public boolean addCustomer(Customer customer)
    {
      if (total < 0 || total > customers.length)
      {
          return false;
      }else
          customers[total++] = customer;
          return true;
    }

    public boolean replaceCustomer(int index,Customer cust)
    {
       if(index < 0 || index >= total){
            return false;
        }

        customers[index] = cust;
        return true;
    }

    public boolean deleteCustomer(int index)
    {
       if (index <= 0 || index > total)
       {
           return false;
       }else

           for (int i = index+1;i < total ;i++ )
           {
               customers[i-1] = customers[i];
           }
                customers[--total] = null;
       return true;
    }



    public Customer[] getAllCustomers() {
        Customer[] cust = new Customer[total];

        for(int i = 0; i < total; i++){
            cust[i] = customers[i];
        }

        return cust;
    }


    public Customer getCustomer(int index) {
        if(index < 0 || index >= total){
            return null;
        }

        return customers[index];

    } 

}

//客户类  
class Customer 
{

        private String name;
        private char gender;
        private int age;
        private String phone;
        private String email;



    public Customer() {}


    public Customer(String name,char gender, int age, String phone,String email)
    {
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.age = age;
        this.phone = phone;
        this.email = email;

    }

    public void setName(String name)
    {
      this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName()
    {
      return name;

    }

    public void setGender(char gender)
    {

       this.gender = gender;
    }

    public char getGender()
    {
        return gender;

    }

    public void setAge(int age)
    {
       this.age = age;

    }

    public int getAge()
    {
       return age;

    }

    public void setPhone(String phone)
    {

       this.phone = phone;
    }

    public String getPhone()
    {
        return phone;
    }
     public void setEmail(String email)
    {

       this.email = email;
    }

    public String getEmail()
    {
        return email; 
    }

    public String getDetails()
    {
        return name + "\t" + gender + "\t" + age + "\t" + phone + "\t" + email;
    }



}