2021.4.1_JAVA_GUI学习_2021 java gui开发-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yyyyyy12133463/article/details/115385369

GUI编程

1.组件和容器

1.Frame

package com.kuang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

//GUI 第一个界面
public class TestFrame {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
       //Frame,JDK,查看源码
       Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个JAVA图像界面窗口");
       //设置可见性
       frame.setVisible(true);
       //设置窗口大小
       frame.setSize(400,500);
       //设置背景颜色  Color
//        new Color()
       frame.setBackground(new Color(160, 35, 35));
       //初始位置
       frame.setLocation(200,200);
       //设置大小固定
       frame.setResizable(false);


   }
}

2.Frame+面向对象

package com.kuang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 100, 200, 200, Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 100, 200, 200, Color.white);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 200, 200, Color.yellow);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 200, 200, Color.pink);
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame {
    static int id = 0;
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame+"+(++id));
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
        setBackground(color);
        setVisible(true);
    }
}

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-nMALgncQ-1617284494865)(C:\Users\yy\Desktop\test.png)]

2.面板Panel

解决关闭事件

package com.kuang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

//Panel 可以看成空间，不能单独存在
public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //布局的概念
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        //设置布局
        frame.setLayout(null);
        //坐标
        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(Color.blue);
        //设置坐标，相对于frame
        panel.setBounds(50,50,400,400);
        panel.setBackground(Color.yellow);
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件
        //适配器模式
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            //窗口关闭需要做的事
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                //结束程序
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

3.布局管理器

流式布局

package com.kuang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        //组件-按钮
        Button button1 = new Button("button_1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button_2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button_3");

        //设置为流式布局
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setSize(500,500);
        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

东西南北中

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestBorderLayout");

        Button East = new Button("East");
        Button West = new Button("West");
        Button South = new Button("South");
        Button North = new Button("North");
        Button Center = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(East,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(West,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(South,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(North,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(Center,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

表格布局

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("TestGridLayout");

        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3 = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4 = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5 = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6 = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);

        frame.pack();//JAVA函数
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

练习

package com.kuang.lesson01;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class ExDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("ExDemo");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(500,400);
        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));

        //总
        Panel p1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p2 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1));
        Panel p3 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());
        Panel p4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
        //上
        p1.add(new Button("btn"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p1.add(new Button("btn"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        p2.add(new Button("btn"));
        p2.add(new Button("btn"));
        p1.add(p2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        //下
        p3.add(new Button("btn"),BorderLayout.EAST);
        p3.add(new Button("btn"),BorderLayout.WEST);
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            p4.add(new Button("btn"));
        }
        p3.add(p4,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        frame.add(p1);
        frame.add(p3);
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-1DTXnREc-1617284494869)(C:\Users\yy\Desktop\微信截图_20210401151320.png)]

总结

1.Frame是个顶级窗口

2.Panel无法单独现实，必须添加到某个容器

3.布局管理器

1.流式

2.东西南北中

3.表格

4.大小、定位、背景颜色、可见性、监听

4.事件监听

public class ActiveEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button btn = new Button();
        //因为，addActionListener需要ActionListener,所以才写的
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        btn.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        frame.add(btn,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.pack();
        windowClose(frame);
        frame.setVisible(true);

    }
    //关闭窗口
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

多个按钮只写一个监听

public class TestActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //两个按钮，实现同一个监听
        //开始  停止
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button1 = new Button("START");
        Button button2 = new Button("STOP");
        MyMonitor mymonitor = new MyMonitor();
        //可以显示定义返回的命令，如果不显示定义，则走默认的返回
        //可以多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button2-stop");

        button1.addActionListener(mymonitor);
        button2.addActionListener(mymonitor);
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMonitor implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand()获得按钮信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击了：msg:"+e.getActionCommand());
    }
}

5.输入框TextField监听

练习

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //启动
        Frame frame = new MyFrame();
    }
}
class MyFrame extends Frame{
    public MyFrame(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        //监听文本框输入的文字
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下回车就会触发这个输入框的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();

    }
}

class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();//获得一些资源
        System.out.println(field.getText());//获得输入框中的文本
        field.setText("");
    }
}