虚继承

 class A { public: A(){} ~A(){} char c; }; class B:public A { public: B(){} void ff(){} char d; };

sizeof(A)=1

sizeof(B)=2

 

 

//虚继承的时候

class A { public: A(){} ~A(){} char c; }; class B:public virtual A { public: B(){} void ff(){} char d; };

sizeof(A)=1

sizeof(B)=9

 

//虚继承，虚函数

class A { public: A(){} ~A(){} char c; }; class B:public virtual A { public: B(){} virtual void ff(){} char d; };

sizeof(A)=1

sizeof(B)=13

 

虚继承，使公共的基类在子类中只有一份，我们看到虚继承在多重继承的基础上多了vbtable来存储到公共基类的偏移。

 

class B { public: int i; virtual void vB(){ cout << "B::vB" << endl; } void fB(){ cout << "B::fB" << endl;} }; class D1 : virtual public B { public: int x; virtual void vD1(){ cout << "D1::vD1" << endl; } void fD1(){ cout << "D1::fD1" << endl;} }; class D2 : virtual public B { public: int y; void vB(){ cout << "D2::vB" << endl;} virtual void vD2(){ cout << "D2::vD2" << endl;} void fD2(){ cout << "D2::fD2" << endl;} }; class GD : public D1, public D2 { public: int a; void vB(){ cout << "GD::vB" << endl;} void vD1(){cout << "GD::vD1" << endl;} virtual void vGD(){cout << "GD::vGD" << endl;} void fGD(){cout << "GD::fGD" << endl;} };

sizeof(B)=8

sizeof(D1)=20

sizeof(D2)=20

sizeof(GD)=36

 

以下是网上拷贝过来的：

GD在内存中的分配地址

 

 

//地址测试，vc6编译选项加上/GR

//测试内存地址 void TestDynamicCast() { B *pB = new GD(); GD *pGD = dynamic_cast<GD*>(pB); cout << "GD:" << pGD << endl; D1 *pD1 = dynamic_cast<D1*>(pB); cout << "D1:" << pD1 << endl; D2 *pD2 = dynamic_cast<D2*>(pB); cout << "D2:" << pD2 << endl; cout << "B:" << pB << endl; }

还是从内存布局来看dynamic_cast时地址的变化，第一个基类的地址与子类相同，其他的基类和虚基类需要做偏移。

又一例：

 

 

class CommonBase { int co; }; class Base1: virtual public CommonBase { public: virtual void print1() {} virtual void print2() {} private: int b1; }; class Base2: virtual public CommonBase { public: virtual void dump1() {} virtual void dump2() {} private: int b2; }; class Derived: public Base1, public Base2 { public: void print2() {} void dump2() {} private: int d; }; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { return 0; }

是在vs2008里面查看对象的完整布局(F5)-----网上转的

1 class Derived size(32): 2 +--- 3 | +--- (base class Base1) 4 0 | | {vfptr} 5 4 | | {vbptr} 6 8 | | b1 7 | +--- 8 | +--- (base class Base2) 9 12 | | {vfptr} 10 16 | | {vbptr} 11 20 | | b2 12 | +--- 13 24 | d 14 +--- 15 +--- (virtual base CommonBase) 16 28 | co 17 +--- 18 19 Derived::$vftable@Base1@: 20 0 | &Base1::print1 21 1 | &Derived::print2 22 23 Derived::$vftable@Base2@: 24 0 | &Base2::dump1 25 1 | &Derived::dump2 26 27 Derived::$vbtable@Base1@: 28 0 | -4 29 1 | 24 (Derivedd(Base1+4)CommonBase) 30 31 Derived::$vbtable@Base2@: 32 0 | -4 33 1 | 12 (Derivedd(Base2+4)CommonBase) 34 35 Derived::print2 this adjustor: 0 36 Derived::dump2 this adjustor: 12