1.
Motivation for dictionaries--list中index()的应用,即返回索引,zero-based
# Definition of countries and capital
countries = ['spain', 'france', 'germany', 'norway']
capitals = ['madrid', 'paris', 'berlin', 'oslo']
# Get index of 'germany': ind_ger
ind_ger=countries.index('germany')
# Use ind_ger to print out capital of Germany
print(capitals[ind_ger])
<script.py> output:
berlin
2.