证明∑n(i=1)i2 = n(n+1)(2n+1)/6
方法一(数学归纳法):
1)当n=1时,12=1=1*2*3/6,命题成立;
2)当n=k时,假设∑k(i=1)i2=k(k+1)(2k+1)/6成立;
当n=k+1时,
∑n(i=1)i2=∑k(i=1)i2+(k+1)2
=(k+1)[1/6*k(2k+1)+(k+1)]
=(k+1)[1/3*k2+1/6*k+k+1]
=(k+1)(1/3*k2+7/6*k+1)
=1/6*(k+1)(2k2+7k+6)
=1/6*(k+1)(k+2)(2k+3)
=1/6*(k+1)[(k+1)+1][2(k+1)+1]
即当n=k+1时,命题也成立;
综上,命题得证。
方法二(待定系数法):
假设∑n(i=1)i