转自: http://blog.csdn.net/li_wen01/article/details/53557949
前几天在网上买个罗技的C270摄像头,它支持YUYV(YUV422)和JPEG数据输出。它规格书上写的是支持HD720P(1280*720像素),在实际的调试过程中,我使用该分辨率会导致数据采集过慢。这里需要注意一下,罗技的摄像头C270在有些虚拟机上使用是有异常的,有些是不能映射到虚拟机上,有些是映射过去操作非常缓慢。因为之前在自己的开发板上调试过YUV420的摄像头,在此基础上改为YUYV数据格式,调试的时候还是遇到不少的问题。
x264库的编译可以见之前博客:http://blog.csdn.net/li_wen01/article/details/53571929
在PC上编译X264,可以直接执行下面三条命令:
./configure --enable-shared
make
make install
下面贴出x264部分的代码:
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include "./include/h264encoder.h"
-
- int WIDTH = 640;
- int HEIGHT = 480;
-
- void compress_begin(Encoder *en, int width, int height) {
- en->param = (x264_param_t *) malloc(sizeof(x264_param_t));
- en->picture = (x264_picture_t *) malloc(sizeof(x264_picture_t));
- x264_param_default(en->param);
-
-
-
- en->param->i_threads = X264_SYNC_LOOKAHEAD_AUTO;
- en->param->i_width = width;
- en->param->i_height = height;
- WIDTH = width;
- HEIGHT = height;
-
-
-
-
- en->param->rc.i_lookahead = 0;
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- en->param->i_fps_num = 30;
- en->param->i_fps_den = 1;
- en->param->i_csp = X264_CSP_I422;
-
- x264_param_apply_profile(en->param, x264_profile_names[4]);
-
- if ((en->handle = x264_encoder_open(en->param)) == 0) {
- return;
- }
-
- x264_picture_alloc(en->picture, X264_CSP_I422, en->param->i_width,
- en->param->i_height);
- }
-
- int compress_frame(Encoder *en, int type, uint8_t *in, uint8_t *out) {
- x264_picture_t pic_out;
- int index_y, index_u, index_v;
- int num;
- int nNal = -1;
- int result = 0;
- int i = 0;
- static long int pts = 0;
- uint8_t *p_out = out;
- charchar *y = en->picture->img.plane[0];
- charchar *u = en->picture->img.plane[1];
- charchar *v = en->picture->img.plane[2];
- charchar * ptr;
-
- index_y = 0;
- index_u = 0;
- index_v = 0;
-
- num = WIDTH * HEIGHT * 2 - 4 ;
-
- for(i=0; i<num; i=i+4)
- {
- *(y + (index_y++)) = *(in + i);
- *(u + (index_u++)) = *(in + i + 1);
- *(y + (index_y++)) = *(in + i + 2);
- *(v + (index_v++)) = *(in + i + 3);
- }
-
- switch (type) {
- case 0:
- en->picture->i_type = X264_TYPE_P;
- break;
- case 1:
- en->picture->i_type = X264_TYPE_IDR;
- break;
- case 2:
- en->picture->i_type = X264_TYPE_I;
- break;
- default:
- en->picture->i_type = X264_TYPE_AUTO;
- break;
- }
-
- en->picture->i_pts = pts++;
-
- if (x264_encoder_encode(en->handle, &(en->nal), &nNal, en->picture,
- &pic_out) < 0) {
- return -1;
- }
-
- for (i = 0; i < nNal; i++) {
- memcpy(p_out, en->nal[i].p_payload, en->nal[i].i_payload);
- p_out += en->nal[i].i_payload;
- result += en->nal[i].i_payload;
- }
-
- return result;
- }
-
- void compress_end(Encoder *en) {
- if (en->handle) {
- x264_encoder_close(en->handle);
- }
- if (en->picture) {
- x264_picture_clean(en->picture);
- free(en->picture);
- en->picture = 0;
- }
- if (en->param) {
- free(en->param);
- en->param = 0;
- }
- }
上面的代码是配置x264编码器的,有下面几个地方需要特别注意:
(1)CSP参数的配置
- en->param->i_csp = X264_CSP_I422;
在X264中默认的i_csp值是3,也就是X264_CSP_NV12 的值,如果采用YUYV(422)输入格式,这个值一定需要重新设置,不然会出现错误提示:x264 [error]: Invalid input colorspace 。这是因为在x264内核中他会把输入格式装换为下面三种中的一种:X264_CSP_NV12,X264_CSP_NV16,X264_CSP_I444.转换如下:
- static int x264_frame_internal_csp( int external_csp )
- {
- switch( external_csp & X264_CSP_MASK )
- {
- case X264_CSP_NV12:
- case X264_CSP_NV21:
- case X264_CSP_I420:
- case X264_CSP_YV12:
- return X264_CSP_NV12;
- case X264_CSP_NV16:
- case X264_CSP_I422:
- case X264_CSP_YV16:
- case X264_CSP_V210:
- return X264_CSP_NV16;
- case X264_CSP_I444:
- case X264_CSP_YV24:
- case X264_CSP_BGR:
- case X264_CSP_BGRA:
- case X264_CSP_RGB:
- return X264_CSP_I444;
- default:
- return X264_CSP_NONE;
- }
- }
(2)profile类型设置
- x264_param_apply_profile(en->param, x264_profile_names[4]);
在YUV422中,它不支持baseline,默认设置会提示:x264 [error]: baseline profile doesn't support 4:2:2 可以设置下面的其他参数:
- x264_profile_names[] = { "baseline", "main", "high", "high10", "high422", "high444", 0 };
(3)图片内存分配
- x264_picture_alloc(en->picture, X264_CSP_I422, en->param->i_width,
- en->param->i_height);
这里的第二个参数一定要与你的输入格式先对应,不然的话会出现内存溢出的错误。因为默认的分配图片内存大小是YUV420的。以640*480 分辨率来举例,YUV420 分配一帧图像的内存是450K,而我们YUV422的数据量是600K。
(4)Y,U,V 数据需要分离
- for(i=0; i<num; i=i+4)
- {
- *(y + (index_y++)) = *(in + i);
- *(u + (index_u++)) = *(in + i + 1);
- *(y + (index_y++)) = *(in + i + 2);
- *(v + (index_v++)) = *(in + i + 3);
- }
YUYV的数据是交错存储的,因此需要把他们分离出来单独存储,如果这里不做处理,图像就会出现异常。
(5)i_pts 参数需要递增
- en->picture->i_pts = pts++;
i_pts = pts的参数是需要递增的,不让回出现警告:x264 [warning]: non-strictly-monotonic PTS
完整的编译运行结果如下:
- [root@redhat test]# ls
- h264encoder.c include lib main.c Makefile out
- [root@redhat test]# make
- gcc -g -c -o main.o main.c
- gcc -g -c -o h264encoder.o h264encoder.c
- gcc -g -o x264_test main.o h264encoder.o -lpthread -lx264 -lm
- [root@redhat test]# ls
- h264encoder.c h264encoder.o include lib main.c main.o Makefile out x264_test
- [root@redhat test]# ./x264_test
-
- camera driver name is : uvcvideo
- camera device name is : UVC Camera (046d:0825)
- camera bus information: usb-0000:00:1a.0-1.1
- n_buffer = 4
- x264 [warning]: lookaheadless mb-tree requires intra refresh or infinite keyint
- x264 [info]: using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX
- x264 [info]: profile High 4:2:2, level 3.0, 4:2:2 8-bit
- spend time 85.082031 s
- x264 [info]: frame I:8 Avg QP:20.27 size: 21592
- x264 [info]: frame P:503 Avg QP:21.18 size: 3119
- x264 [info]: frame B:1485 Avg QP:22.03 size: 952
- x264 [info]: consecutive B-frames: 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 99.2%
- x264 [info]: mb I I16..4: 11.9% 55.2% 32.9%
- x264 [info]: mb P I16..4: 0.4% 0.2% 0.1% P16..4: 44.8% 7.9% 8.5% 0.0% 0.0% skip:38.2%
- x264 [info]: mb B I16..4: 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% B16..8: 25.9% 0.6% 0.1% direct: 1.7% skip:71.7% L0:51.6% L1:47.0% BI: 1.4%
- x264 [info]: 8x8 transform intra:46.7% inter:95.7%
- x264 [info]: coded y,uvDC,uvAC intra: 60.5% 87.6% 59.7% inter: 5.7% 23.2% 0.9%
- x264 [info]: i16 v,h,dc,p: 4% 8% 1% 87%
- x264 [info]: i8 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 16% 39% 12% 3% 5% 4% 10% 4% 7%
- x264 [info]: i4 v,h,dc,ddl,ddr,vr,hd,vl,hu: 24% 41% 8% 3% 4% 3% 8% 3% 4%
- x264 [info]: i8c dc,h,v,p: 50% 22% 21% 6%
- x264 [info]: Weighted P-Frames: Y:0.2% UV:0.0%
- x264 [info]: ref P L0: 40.2% 4.8% 39.3% 15.7%
- x264 [info]: ref B L0: 65.6% 20.4% 14.0%
- x264 [info]: ref B L1: 91.2% 8.8%
- x264 [info]: kb/s:379.47
- [root@redhat test]#
这里设置的分辨率是640*480 ,这样采集数据比较快。我编码2000帧数据需要的是大约85s,帧率大约在23fps 。也不知道具体是什么原因导致耗时这么长时间。
视频运行如下: