Qtchart教程

Qtchart教程

由于最近工程需要将单片机数据显示，Qt自己画太麻烦，查到Qt自带chart模块，这样可以省不少时间，因此记录一下使用过程。

1. 模块添加
   在.pro文件中添加：QT += charts
2. 引用
   在mainwindow.cpp中添加：

#include <QtCharts>
using namespace QtCharts;

3. 使用
   在构造函数中添加：

QChart *chart = new QChart();  //创建QChart实例,为图表框架,相当图画笔
QChartView *chartview = new QChartView(chart);//用于显示曲线,相当于画布
this->setCentralWidget(chartview);  //将图表显示在整个窗口

若运行后没有错误，则说明添加成功，下面我们举一个具体例子。

4. 例子

.pro文件

#-------------------------------------------------
#
#Project created by QtCreator 2019-02-20T11:47:28
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui charts        

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = untitled1
TEMPLATE = app

#The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
#any feature of Qt which has been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
#depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
#deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

#You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
#In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
#You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000   
#disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

CONFIG += c++11

SOURCES += \
       main.cpp \
       demo.cpp

HEADERS += \
       demo.h

FORMS += \
       demo.ui

demo.h文件

#ifndef DEMO_H
#define DEMO_H
#include <QtCharts>     
using namespace QtCharts;
#include <QMainWindow>
#include <QtCore/QTimer>
#include <qt_windows.h>

namespace Ui {
class Demo;
}

class Demo : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Demo(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Demo();

private slots:
    void Data();

private:
    Ui::Demo *ui;
    QList<QPointF> mydata1;
    QLineSeries *series;
    double data[2000];
    QValueAxis *axisX;
    QValueAxis *axisY;
    QTimer m_timer;     //定时器指针

};

#endif // DEMO_H

demo.cpp文件

#include "demo.h"
#include "ui_demo.h"
#include <ctime>  //随机数


Demo::Demo(QWidget *parent) :
    QMainWindow(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Demo)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    series = new QLineSeries(); //创建QLineSeries实例
    Data();

    QChart *chart = new QChart();  //创建QChart实例,为图表框架,相当图画笔
    chart -> legend() -> hide();  //隐藏图例
    chart -> addSeries(series);  //加载数据
    //chart -> createDefaultAxes();  //添加坐标轴

    axisX = new QValueAxis;
    axisX->setRange(0,2000);  //设置X坐标范围
    axisX->setTitleText("t/ms"); //设置X坐标名字

    axisY = new QValueAxis;
    axisY->setRange(-5,5);  //设置Y坐标范围
    axisY->setTitleText("au/mV");  //设置Y坐标名字

    //别忘记把坐标轴添加到chart
    chart->addAxis(axisX, Qt::AlignBottom);  //并且XY轴的位置是上和右
    chart->addAxis(axisY, Qt::AlignLeft);

    QChartView *chartview = new QChartView(chart);  //用于显示曲线,相当于画布

    this->setCentralWidget(chartview);  //将图表显示在整个窗口

    QObject::connect(&m_timer, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(Data()));  //连接定时器与数据更新槽函数
    m_timer.setInterval(10);  //设置时间
    m_timer.start();  //启动定时器
}

Demo::~Demo()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Demo::Data()
{
    QFile file("D:\\DATA\\20180319\\20180319-10-59-31.dat");
    file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly);
    qint16 t;
    series->clear();
    qsrand(time(NULL));
    double a = qrand() % 5;    //产生5以内的随机数
    for(int i=0;i<2000;i++)
    {
        mydata1.append(QPointF(i,a*sin(i)));
    }
    series->replace(mydata1); //replace添加数据比append快很多，2000个点append需要200ms，replace需要2ms
    mydata1.clear();
}

main.cpp

#include "demo.h"
#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Demo w;
    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}

6. 运行结果