ARM实验之引导启动kernel

uboot启动成功，下一步就是启动内核，使用官方提供的内核镜像进行启动。4.2.7.4

首先了解可引导启动的内核类型镜像有两种，uImage和zImage，这两种镜像是由可直接运行的镜像文件压缩而来的

zImage	Image（可直接运行的镜像） -----压缩----->zImage
uImage	zImage   -----uboot工具mkimage加工----->uImage

当前使用的uboot同时支持启动这两种镜像。

uboot命令行下输入printenv打印环境变量，其中一条是
bootcmd=movi read kernel 30008000; movi read rootfs 30B00000 300000; bootm 30008000 30B00000
mtdpart=80000 400000 3000000

作用是复制内核、rootfs到DDR中，然后启动。

第一步、复制内核

movi read kernel 30008000，这条命令具体是如何实现的，他是如何找到kernel是在emmc还是在sd呢？查看代码cmd_movi.c。

if (strcmp(argv[2], "kernel") == 0) {
	if (movi_emmc == 1) {	/* eMMC_4.3 */
		printf("eMMC Reading kernel from sector %d (%d sectors).. ", ofsinfo.kernel, EMMC_KERNEL_BLKCNT);
		emmc_read((uint) addr, ofsinfo.kernel, EMMC_KERNEL_BLKCNT);
	} else {
	        printf("Reading kernel from sector %d (%d sectors).. ", ofsinfo.kernel, MOVI_ZIMAGE_BLKCNT);
	        movi_read((uint) addr, ofsinfo.kernel, MOVI_ZIMAGE_BLKCNT);
	}

可看出当要读取的内容是kernel时，会判断movi_emmc的值，那么查看这个值的源头

//没查到值的定义，只在board.c中有对movi_emmc的赋值
	if (INF_REG3_REG == 1) {	/* eMMC_4.3 */
		puts("eMMC:    ");
		movi_ch = 1;
		movi_emmc = 1;
		movi_init();
		movi_set_ofs(0);
	}

#define INF_REG3_REG			__REG(INF_REG_BASE+INF_REG3_OFFSET)
#define INF_REG_BASE			0xE010F000
#define INF_REG3_OFFSET			0x0c

查找手册此地址对应的含义

0xE010F00C查找手册此地址对应的含义如下图， 是用户自由定义的寄存器

最后在start.s中找到

	ldr	r0, =INF_REG_BASE
	str	r3, [r0, #INF_REG3_OFFSET]  //r3的值被存到了寄存器中

那么r3的值是什么呢？

是由硬件拨码开关决定的，5位的拨码开关值赋给了r2的bit1-bit5，r2其余位被清零。然后通过对比r2的值为r3赋值

        ldr	r0, =PRO_ID_BASE
        ldr	r1, [r0,#OMR_OFFSET]
        bic	r2, r1, #0xffffffc1

	/* NAND BOOT */
	cmp	r2, #0x0		@ 512B 4-cycle
	moveq	r3, #BOOT_NAND            @0x2

	cmp	r2, #0x2		@ 2KB 5-cycle
	moveq	r3, #BOOT_NAND

	cmp	r2, #0x4		@ 4KB 5-cycle	8-bit ECC
	moveq	r3, #BOOT_NAND

	cmp	r2, #0x6		@ 4KB 5-cycle	16-bit ECC
	moveq	r3, #BOOT_NAND

	cmp	r2, #0x8		@ OneNAND Mux
	moveq	r3, #BOOT_ONENAND         @//0x1

	/* SD/MMC BOOT */
	cmp     r2, #0xc
	moveq   r3, #BOOT_MMCSD	          @//0x3

	/* NOR BOOT */
	cmp     r2, #0x14
	moveq   r3, #BOOT_NOR

设置OM[5:0] = 001101，则r2值为0xc，r3被赋值0x3，从IROM、SD/MMC启动。

启动信息

OK

U-Boot 1.3.4 (Aug  7 2013 - 14:53:08) for x210


CPU:  S5PV210@1000MHz(OK)
        APLL = 1000MHz, HclkMsys = 200MHz, PclkMsys = 100MHz
        MPLL = 667MHz, EPLL = 96MHz
                       HclkDsys = 166MHz, PclkDsys = 83MHz
                       HclkPsys = 133MHz, PclkPsys = 66MHz
                       SCLKA2M  = 200MHz
Serial = CLKUART 
Board:   X210
DRAM:    512 MB
Flash:   8 MB
SD/MMC:  3800MB
In:      serial
Out:     serial
Err:     serial
[LEFT UP] boot mode
checking mode for fastboot ...
Hit any key to stop autoboot:  0 
reading kernel.. 1073, 8192 
MMC read: dev # 0, block # 1073, count 8192 ...8192 blocks read: OK
completed
reading RFS.. 9265, 6144 
MMC read: dev # 0, block # 9265, count 6144 ...6144 blocks read: OK
completed
Boot with zImage
get_format
-------- 0 --------
Wrong Ramdisk Image Format

Starting kernel ...

Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel.
[    0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu
[    0.000000] Linux version 2.6.35.7+ (lqm@9tripod-server) (gcc version 4.4.1 (Sourcery G++ Lite 2009q3-67) ) #38 PREEMPT Wed Aug 14 09:25:49 CST 2013
[    0.000000] CPU: ARMv7 Processor [412fc082] revision 2 (ARMv7), cr=10c53c7f
[    0.000000] CPU: VIPT nonaliasing data cache, VIPT nonaliasing instruction cache
[    0.000000] Machine: SMDKV210