拦截器实验步骤

最新推荐文章于 2021-09-27 16:40:27 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-09-27 16:40:27 发布

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分类专栏： SSM框架文章标签： java spring web

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zengwei1973/article/details/106626825

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拦截器实验步骤

开发环境：
IDEA

文章目录

1. 创建工程文件，导入web支持

2.在web.xml当中导入spring以及servlet

 <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--避免中文乱码-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

4. 编写applicationContext.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

       <context:component-scan base-package="com.zengwei.controller"/>
    <!--    静态资源过滤-->
       <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--    json乱码处理-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                         <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    
   <!--    视图解析器-->
      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
      </bean>
</beans>

5. 构造目录结构

创建包：com.zengwei.controller

至此基本的项目架构已经搭好，可启动tomcat进行测试，注意在项目当中加入lib目录同时导入依赖文件

6. 创建拦截器的包，在该包下新建拦截器：MyIntercepter

package com.zengwei.intercepter;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyIntercepter implements HandlerInterceptor {

    //此函数返回值为true 则表示执行下一个拦截器，放行
    //若为false则表示不放行
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        return false;
    }

    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

    }
}

7. 测试代码

package com.zengwei.intercepter;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyIntercepter implements HandlerInterceptor {

    //此函数返回值为true 则表示执行下一个拦截器，放行
    //若为false则表示不放行
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========>处理前");
        return true;
    }
    //后面两个负责产生拦截日志
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========>处理后");
    }

    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("==========》清理");
    }
}

8. 对设置的拦截器进行注册

//在applicationContext.xml文件当中加入
<!--    拦截器-->
<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
<!--        此时文件下所有的文件都会拦截，具体拦截哪个controller在path可以具体指定-->
        <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
        <bean class="com.zengwei.intercepter.MyIntercepter"/>
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>

实例：登录验证

1. 创建工程文件，导入web支持并写入相关配置

 <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

<!--避免中文乱码-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

2.编写applicationContext.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

       <context:component-scan base-package="com.zengwei.controller"/>
<!--    静态资源过滤-->
       <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
            </bean>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
                         <property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

      <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
      </bean>

3. 在原来的包下面创建LoginInterceptor.java拦截器

package com.zengwei.intercepter;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        HttpSession session = request.getSession();

        //放行的判断，1.有session但没有东西，2. 有session有东西
       if(request.getRequestURI().contains("login"))
       {
           return true;
       }
        if(session.getAttribute("loginuser")!=null)
        {
            return true;
        }
       //判断什么情况下没有登录，1.没有session肯定没有登录，

        request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
        return false;
    }
}

4. 注册拦截器

在applicationContext当中加入

<!--    拦截器-->
<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mapping path="/User/**"/>
        <bean class="com.zengwei.intercepter.LoginInterceptor"/>
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>

5. 编写对应的controller

//LoginController
package com.zengwei.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/User")
public class LoginController {
    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public String Login(HttpSession session, String username, String passwd, Model model)
    {
        //正常登录后需要把用户信息存入session当中方便以后或者用户访问期间调入信息
       session.setAttribute("loginuser",username);
       model.addAttribute("name",username);
        return "main";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/main")
    public String Main()
    {
        return "main";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/tologin")
    public String toLogin()
    {
        return "login";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/goout")
    public String goout(HttpSession session)
    {
        session.removeAttribute("loginuser");
        return "main";
    }
}

6. 前端界面

//index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>$Title$</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  <h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/User/tologin">登录</a></h3>
  <h3><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/User/main">首页</a></h3>
  </body>
</html>

//main.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>首页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>
    首页
</h1>
<span>${name}</span>
<p><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/User/goout">注销</a></p>
</body>
</html>

//login.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
  <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/User/login" method="post">
      用户名:<input type="text" name="username" />
      密码：<input type="text" name="userpwd"/>
      <input type="submit" value="提交" />
  </form>
</body>
</html>

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拦截器实验步骤

拦截器实验步骤开发环境：IDEA文章目录拦截器实验步骤1. 创建工程文件，导入web支持2.在web.xml当中导入spring以及servlet4. 编写applicationContext.xml文件5. 构造目录结构6. 创建拦截器的包，在该包下新建拦截器：MyIntercepter7. 测试代码8. 对设置的拦截器进行注册实例：登录验证1. 创建工程文件，导入web支持并写入相关配置2.编写applicationContext.xml文件3. 在原来的包下面创建LoginInterceptor.
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