Matlab_RandomNumber

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随机数生成

1. 单个随机数在0到1之间：使用rand()函数。
2. 单个随机数在a和b之间：使用rand() % (b-a+1) + a。
3. N个随机数在0到1之间：使用rand(N,1)。
4. N个随机数在a和b之间：使用rand(N,1) * (b-a+1) + a。
5. 单个随机整数在0到N之间：使用rand() % N。
6. 单个随机整数在a和b之间：使用rand() % (b-a+1) + a。
7. N个随机数在0到N之间：使用rand(N,1)。
8. N个随机数在a和b之间：使用rand(N,1) * (b-a+1) + a。
9. N个正态分布随机数，均值为0，标准差为1：使用randn(N,1)。
10. N个正态分布随机数，均值为m，标准差为1：使用randn(N,1) * (m-0) + 0。
11. N个正态分布随机数，均值为m，标准差为s：使用randn(N,1) * (s-0) + m。
12. N个二进制随机数，取值为0或1：使用randi([0,1], N)。
13. N个二进制随机数，取值为-1或1：使用randi([-1,1], N)。
14. 复数随机数，实部在[-1,1]之间，虚部在[-1,1]之间：使用rand() * exp(1i * 2 * pi * rand())。
15. 生成相同的随机序列 - 设置种子数：使用set.seed(seed_number)。

< Single Random Number between 0 and 1 >

 

Case 1 : r = rand(1,1)

 

Ex)

Input

r = rand(1,1);

Output

r =

         0.36579

 

 

< Single Random Number between a and b >

 

Case 1 : r = a + (b-a)*rand(1,1)

 

Ex)

Input

a = 2;

b = 5;

r = a + (b-a)*rand(1,1)

Output

r =

         2.36579

 

 

< N Random Number between 0 and 1 >

 

Case 1 : r = rand(1,N)

 

Ex)

Input

r = rand(1,5);

Output

r =

         0.199260   0.814680   0.687995   0.666070   0.013624

 

 

< N Random Number between a and b >

 

Case 1 : r = a + (b-a)*rand(1,N)

 

Ex)

Input

a = 2;

b = 5;

r = a + (b-a)*rand(1,5)

Output

r =

         2.6419   4.1258   4.7051   2.0323   3.4711

 

 

< Single Random Integer between 0 and N >

 

Case 1 : r = randi(N)

 

Ex)

Input

r = randi(10)

Output

r =

         5

 

 

< Single Random Integer between a and b >

 

Case 1 : r = randi([a b]) // where a and b are all integer

 

Ex)

Input

r = randi([100 200])

Output

r =

         163

 

 

< N Random Number between 0 and M >

 

Case 1 : ri = randi(M,1,N)

 

Ex)

Input

r = randi(100,1,10)

Output

r =

          20   39   63   81   67   54   34   16   93   19

 

 

< N Random Number between a and b >

 

Case 1 : ri = randi([a b],1,N)

 

Ex)

Input

r = randi([100 200],1,10)

Output

r =

          150   114   142   189   172   103   190   102   196   194

 

 

< N Random Number of Normal Distribution with mean =0, standard deviation = 1 >

 

Case 1 : r = randn(1,N)

 

Ex)

Input

r = randn(1,5)

Output

r =

           0.054629  -1.137793   0.736904  -0.326762   0.336358  

 

 

< N Random Number of Normal Distribution with mean =m, standard deviation = 1 >

 

Case 1 : r = randn(1,N) + m

 

Ex)

Input

r = randn(1,5) + 10

Output

r =

           9.4378    9.8131    9.6165   10.0008   10.4438  

 

 

< N Random Number of Normal Distribution with mean =m, standard deviation = s >

 

Case 1 : r = sqrt(s)*randn(1,N) + m

 

Ex)

Input

r = sqrt(2)*randn(1,5) + 10

Output

r =

           10.1046    9.7616    7.7163   11.1219   10.2368  

 

 

< N Binary Random Number with 0 and 1 >

 

Case 1 : r = randi([0 1],1,N)

 

Ex)

Input

r = randi([0 1],1,5)

Output

r =

           1    0    0   1   1  

 

 

< N Binary Random Number with -1 and 1 >

 

Case 1 : r = 2*randi([0 1],1,N)-1

 

Ex)

Input

r = 2*randi([0 1],1,5)-1

Output

r =

           1  -1  -1    1    1  

 

 

< Complex Random Number with Re = {-1,1}, Im = {-1,1} >

 

Case 1 : r = (2*randi([0 1],1,N)-1)+j*(2*randi([0 1],1,N)-1)

 

Ex)

Input

r = (2*randi([0 1],1,5)-1)+j*(2*randi([0 1],1,5)-1)

Output

r =

           -1 + 1i  -1 - 1i  -1 + 1i  -1 - 1i   1 - 1i