Python中字符串、字节操作

1. 字符串与字节转换  

a = b"Hello, world!"   # bytes object
b = "Hello, world!"    # str object

字符串转字节 str --> bytes

# 字符串转字节  str --> bytes
print(str.encode(b))  # 默认 encoding="utf-8"
print(bytes(b, encoding="utf8"))
print(b.encode())      # 默认 encoding="utf-8"

字节转字符串 bytes --> str

​# 字节转字符串  bytes --> str
print(bytes.decode(a))   # 默认encoding="utf-8"
print(str(a, encoding="utf-8"))
print(a.decode())       # 默认 encoding="utf-8"

2. 拼接和分割

#字符拼接
b1 = bytes("hello", 'utf-8')
b2 = bytes('world', 'utf-8')
flag = bytes(' ', 'utf-8')
b3 = b1 + flag + b2
print(type(b3))
print(b3)

#字符分割
b4 = b3.split(b' ',1)
print(b4)

b5,b6 = b3.split(b' ')
print(b5)
print(b6)

#字符转字符串
s = b3.decode()
print(type(s))
print(s)

#字符串拼接

s1 = ' ok'

s2 = s + s1 
print(s2)

#字符串分割
s3 = s2.split(' ')
print(s3)
s4,s5,s6 = s2.split(' ',2)
print(s4)
print(s5)
print(s6)

结果：

<class 'bytes'>
b'hello world'
[b'hello', b'world']
b'hello'
b'world'
<class 'str'>
hello world
hello world ok
['hello', 'world', 'ok']
hello
world
ok