STM32F1xx及STM32F2系列串口，SPI配置，CAN配置

平时常用的串口和SPI配置在这里列出来，以便不时之需，直接拿过来用。同时指出了STM32F1系列和STM32F2系列经常出现的问题。使用的库函数为标准库函数，而非HAL库。

一、串口的配置：
STM32F1系列串口：

/*
 *函数名：USART1_Config()
 *描述：串口1配置函数
 *输入：无
 *输出：无
 *调用：内部调用
 */
void USART1_Config()
{
        USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
        GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;

        GPIO_StructInit(&GPIO_InitStructure);
        GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9 ;
        GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
        GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
        GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);
        GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
        GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //RX引脚一定为浮空输入
        GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);


        USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
        USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl=USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
        USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx | USART_Mode_Rx;
        USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity =USART_Parity_No;
        USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1 ;
        USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
        USART_Init(USART1,&USART_InitStructure);
        USART_ITConfig(USART1,USART_IT_TC,ENABLE);//使用发送完成中断，TXE的发送寄存器空中断
        USART_ITConfig(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE,ENABLE);
        USART_Cmd(USART1,ENABLE);
}

STM32F2系列串口：

/*
 *函数名： USART1_Config
 *描述：串口1，普通串口的配置函数
 *输入：无
 *输出：无
 *调用：内部调用
 */
void USART1_Config()
{
    USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1,ENABLE);

    /**Configure PA0,PA1 for the UART4*/
    GPIO_StructInit(&GPIO_InitStructure);
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10 | GPIO_Pin_9;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA,GPIO_PinSource9,GPIO_AF_USART1);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA,GPIO_PinSource10,GPIO_AF_USART1);    //只需配置第二功能

    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl=USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity =USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1 ;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_Init(USART1,&USART_InitStructure);
    USART_ITConfig(USART1,USART_IT_TC,ENABLE);//使用发送完成中断，TXE的发送寄存器空中断
    USART_ITConfig(USART1,USART_IT_RXNE,ENABLE);
    USART_Cmd(USART1,ENABLE);
}

二、SPI的配置：
STM32F1系列SPI：

/*
 *函数名：SPI_Init()
 *描述：初始化SPI，
 *输入：无
 *输出：无
 *调用：内部调用
 */
 void InitSPI()
 {
    /**
    PB3,4,5,PA15
    */
    SPI_InitTypeDef     SPI_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitTypeDef    GPIO_InitStructure;

    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1,ENABLE);
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3|GPIO_Pin_5;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);
    GPIO_PinRemapConfig(GPIO_Remap_SPI1,ENABLE);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_4;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode =  GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;//此处为浮空输入
//  GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_15;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);

    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_256;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_2Edge;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_High;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CRCPolynomial = 7;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction = SPI_Direction_1Line_Rx;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Slave;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS = SPI_NSS_Soft;
    SPI_Init(SPI1,&SPI_InitStructure);
    SPI_Cmd(SPI1,ENABLE);

 }

STM32F2系列SPI配置：

/*
 *函数名：  HAL_SPI_MspInit(void)
 *描述：SPI配置函数，主要配置SPI1
 *输入：无
 *输出：无
 *调用：内部调用
 */

void HAL_SPI_MspInit(void)
{

    SPI_InitTypeDef     SPI_InitStructure;
    GPIO_InitTypeDef    GPIO_InitStructure;
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1,ENABLE);


    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3 |GPIO_Pin_4| GPIO_Pin_5;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOB,&GPIO_InitStructure);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOB,GPIO_PinSource3,GPIO_AF_SPI1);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOB,GPIO_PinSource4,GPIO_AF_SPI1);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOB,GPIO_PinSource5,GPIO_AF_SPI1);


    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  GPIO_Pin_15 ;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_OUT;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);

    GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_15);

    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
    GPIO_Init(GPIOD,&GPIO_InitStructure);

    SPI_Cmd(SPI1,DISABLE);
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_BaudRatePrescaler = SPI_BaudRatePrescaler_16;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPHA = SPI_CPHA_2Edge;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CPOL = SPI_CPOL_High;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_DataSize = SPI_DataSize_8b;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Direction =SPI_Direction_2Lines_FullDuplex;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_Mode = SPI_Mode_Master;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_NSS =SPI_NSS_Soft;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_FirstBit = SPI_FirstBit_MSB;
    SPI_InitStructure.SPI_CRCPolynomial = 7;
    SPI_Init(SPI1,&SPI_InitStructure);
    SPI_Cmd(SPI1,ENABLE);
}

三、CAN通信
STM32F2系列CAN配置：

/*
 *函数名： CAN_Config
 *描述：CAN总线的配置函数
 *输入：无
 *输出：无
 *调用：内部调用
 */
void    CAN_Config()
{

    CAN_InitTypeDef             CAN_InitStructure;
    CAN_FilterInitTypeDef       CAN_FilterInitStructure;
    GPIO_InitTypeDef            GPIO_InitStructure;
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_CAN1,ENABLE);

    /**Configure the PA11 PA12 to CAN1*/
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11 | GPIO_Pin_12;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
    GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;   
    GPIO_Init(GPIOA,&GPIO_InitStructure);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA,GPIO_PinSource11,GPIO_AF_CAN1);
    GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA,GPIO_PinSource12,GPIO_AF_CAN1);

    CAN_DeInit(CAN1);
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_ABOM = ENABLE;//自动离线
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_AWUM = ENABLE;//自动唤醒
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_TTCM = DISABLE;//触发通讯模式
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_NART = ENABLE;//禁止报文自动重传
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_RFLM = ENABLE;//报文自动覆盖
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_TXFP = DISABLE;//优先级判定
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_Mode = CAN_Mode_Normal;//工作模式
    /**configure baudrate 1M */
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_SJW = CAN_SJW_1tq;
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_BS1 = CAN_BS1_6tq;
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_BS2 = CAN_BS2_8tq;
    CAN_InitStructure.CAN_Prescaler =2;
    CAN_Init(CAN1, &CAN_InitStructure);

    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterActivation = ENABLE;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterFIFOAssignment = CAN_FilterFIFO0;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterIdHigh= 0x0000;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterIdLow = 0x0000;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterMaskIdHigh = 0x0000;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterMaskIdLow = 0x0000;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterMode =CAN_FilterMode_IdMask;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterNumber = 0;
    CAN_FilterInitStructure.CAN_FilterScale = CAN_FilterScale_32bit;
    CAN_FilterInit(&CAN_FilterInitStructure);
    CAN_ITConfig(CAN1,CAN_IT_FMP0,ENABLE);
}