题目
The following is from Max Howell @twitter:
Google: 90% of our engineers use the software you wrote (Homebrew), but you can’t invert a binary tree on a whiteboard so fuck off.
Now it’s your turn to prove that YOU CAN invert a binary tree!
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives a positive integer N (≤10) which is the total number of nodes in the tree – and hence the nodes are numbered from 0 to N−1. Then N lines follow, each corresponds to a node from 0 to N−1, and gives the indices of the left and right children of the node. If the child does not exist, a - will be put at the position. Any pair of children are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print in the first line the level-order, and then in the second line the in-order traversal sequences of the inverted tree. There must be exactly one space between any adjacent numbers, and no extra space at the end of the line.
Sample Input:
8
1 -
- -
0 -
2 7
- -
- -
5 -
4 6
Sample Output:
3 7 2 6 4 0 5 1
6 5 7 4 3 2 0 1
思路
用vector模拟存储树,通过左右孩子的下标确定左右子树位置。
翻转二叉树十分简单,存储的时候把左右孩子交换即可。
但题目没有给根的位置,需要把它找出来。因为根不是任何节点的孩子,所以只要找出没有在左、右孩子序号中出现过的节点即为根。
有了根后分别层序、中序遍历即可。
代码
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
struct Node{
int l, r;
};
void printArray(vector<int> res){
cout << res[0];
for (int i=1; i<res.size(); i++)
cout << " " << res[i];
cout << endl;
}
void levelOrder(vector<Node> &a, int root, vector<int> &res){
queue<int> que;
que.push(root);
while (!que.empty()){
int cur = que.front();
que.pop();
res.push_back(cur);
if (a[cur].l != -1) que.push(a[cur].l);
if (a[cur].r != -1) que.push(a[cur].r);
}
}
void inOrder(vector<Node> &a, int root, vector<int> &res){
if (a[root].l != -1) inOrder(a, a[root].l, res);
res.push_back(root);
if (a[root].r != -1) inOrder(a, a[root].r, res);
}
int main() {
int n;
cin >> n;
vector<Node> a(n);
vector<bool> exist(n);
char l, r;
for (int i=0; i<n; i++){
cin >> r >> l;
if (r!='-') {
a[i].r = r - '0';
exist[a[i].r] = true;
}
else{
a[i].r = -1;
}
if (l!='-') {
a[i].l = l - '0';
exist[a[i].l] = true;
}
else{
a[i].l = -1;
}
}
int root = 0;
while (exist[root]) root++;
vector<int> res;
levelOrder(a, root, res);
printArray(res);
res.clear();
inOrder(a, root, res);
printArray(res);
return 0;
}