mingw的安装

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
MinGW - 

A collection of freely available andfreely distributable Windows specific header files and importlibraries combined with GNU toolsets that allow one to producenative Windows programs that do not rely on any 3rd-party C runtimeDLLs.
mingw        是windows版本的gnu c/c++工具集 主要包括编译器gcc,连接器make，调试器gdb

MinGW   官方网站为 http://www.mingw.org

            可参考最新版本，为如下地址：
            http://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw/

安装软件：
1，mingwrt-3.15.1，通过网络安装，将所有的东西都装在C:\MinGW(默认目录)，但是最好改成c:\mingw这样可以同msys更好的结合
   下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw/

2，Visual-MinGW0.59，安装完毕后，Visual-MinGW会提示让你寻找compile目录，这时候选mingw安装目录（默认是C:\MinGW）即可
   下载地址：http://visual-mingw.sourceforge.net/
3，mingw32-make-3.80.0-3.exe
   下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/project/downloading.php?groupname=mingw&filename=mingw32-make-3.80.0-3.exe&use_mirror=nchc

4，配置环境变量，复制“mingw32-make.exe”增加“make.exe”

5，打开Visual-MinGW，想写点啥就写点啥吧，finish

提示：
(1)MinGW-4.1.1.exe安装时（这里只是安装”current”,不安装”source”）下载以下几个包：
   ada.tar.gz
   binutils.tar.gz
   g++.tar.gz
   g77.tar.gz
   gcc.tar.gz
   java.tar.gz
   runtime.tar.gz
   w32api.tar.gz
   objc.tar.gz
   mingw32-make.tar.gz

   如果你水平可以，完全可以单独下几个自己需要的包配置一下，而不需要安装在(1)里如上配置

   (2)配置环境变量：
   PATH                     C:\mingw\bin;％PATH％(千万别直接覆盖PATH变量，务必将其放在最前面，要用分号隔开)
   LIBRARY_PATH            C:\mingw\lib
   C_INCLUDEDE_PATH       C:\mingw\include

   INCLUDE                  C:\mingw\include
   CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH    C:\mingw\include\c++\3.4.5;C:\mingw\include\c++\3.4.5\mingw32;C:\mingw\include\c++\3.4.5\backward;C:\mingw\include

                             (不同版本的c++版本不同，不要盲目照转，如安装不同的MinGW版本， 清注意配置)

    (3)将C:\mingw\bin下的文件“mingw32-make.exe”复制一份并改名为“make.exe”，方便以后操作。

   

    测试：

   (1)在cmd中执行下make命令(如c:\mingw\bin>make.exe)，如果出现“***Notargets specfied and no make file found stop”，设置成功。
   (2)在cmd中输入“gcc-v”，如果屏幕出现“gcc不是内部命令或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。”表示环境变量设定有问题。

      如果出现如下显示，表示设定成功。

      H:\>gcc -v
      Reading specs fromC:/mingw/bin/../lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/specs
      Configured with:../gcc-3.4.5-20060117-3/configure --with-gcc --with-gnu-ld--with-gnu-as --host=mingw32

      --target=mingw32 --prefix=/mingw --enable-threads-le-sjlj-exceptions --enable-libgcj--disable-java-awt

      --without-x --enable-java-gc=boehm--disable-libgcj-debug --enable-interpreter--enable-hash-synchroni
      Thread model: win32
      gcc version 3.4.5 (mingw-vista special r3)
      H:\>

   (3)在cmd中输入“mingw32-make -version”或者是"make-v"，如果屏幕出现：

   H:\>mingw32-make-version
   GNU Make 3.81
   Copyright (C) 2006  FreeSoftware Foundation, Inc.
   This is free software; see the source for copyingconditions.
   There is NO warranty; not even forMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
   PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

   This program built fori686-pc-mingw32

   H:\>make -v
   GNU Make version 3.79.1, by Richard Stallman andRoland McGrath.
   Built for i686-pc-msys
   Copyright (C) 1988, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95,96, 97, 98, 99, 2000
          Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   This is free software; see the source for copyingconditions.
   There is NO warranty; not even forMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
   PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

   Report bugs to<bug-make@gnu.org>.