C#对XML、JSON等格式的解析
一、C#对XML格式数据的解析
1、用XMLDocument来解析
- XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
- xmlDocument.Load("test.xml");
-
-
- XmlElement nn = xmlDocument.CreateElement("image");
- nn.SetAttribute("imageUrl", "6.jpg");
-
- XmlNode node = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("content/section/page/gall/folder");
- node.AppendChild(nn);
-
-
- xmlDocument.Save("test.xml");
2、用Linq to XML来解析
可以通过遍历,来获得你想要的节点的内容或属性
- XElement root = XElement.Load("test.xml");
- foreach (XAttribute att in root.Attributes())
- {
- root.Add(new XElement(att.Name, (string)att));
- }
- Console.WriteLine(root);
3、附一个详细点的例子
比如要解析如下的xml文件,将其转化为Ilist对象。
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <Car>
- <carcost>
- <ID>20130821133126</ID>
- <uptime>60</uptime>
- <downtime>30</downtime>
- <price>0.4</price>
- </carcost>
- <carcost>
- <ID>20130821014316</ID>
- <uptime>120</uptime>
- <downtime>60</downtime>
- <price>0.3</price>
- </carcost>
- <carcost>
- <ID>20130822043127</ID>
- <uptime>30</uptime>
- <downtime>0</downtime>
- <price>0.5</price>
- </carcost>
- <carcost>
- <ID>20130822043341</ID>
- <uptime>120以上!</uptime>
- <downtime>120</downtime>
- <price>0.2</price>
- </carcost>
- </Car>
在控制台应用程序中输入如下代码即可。
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- IList<CarCost> resultList = new List<CarCost>();
-
- XmlDocument xmlDocument = new XmlDocument();
- xmlDocument.Load("test.xml");
-
- XmlNodeList xmlNodeList = xmlDocument.SelectSingleNode("Car").ChildNodes;
- foreach (XmlNode list in xmlNodeList)
- {
- CarCost carcost = new CarCost
- (
- list.SelectSingleNode("ID").InnerText,
- list.SelectSingleNode("uptime").InnerText,
- list.SelectSingleNode("downtime").InnerText,
- float.Parse(list.SelectSingleNode("price").InnerText)
- );
- resultList.Add(carcost);
- }
-
- IEnumerator enumerator = resultList.GetEnumerator();
- while (enumerator.MoveNext())
- {
- CarCost carCost = enumerator.Current as CarCost;
- Console.WriteLine(carCost.ID + " " + carCost.UpTime + " " + carCost.DownTime + " " + carCost.Price);
- }
- }
- }
-
- public class CarCost
- {
- public CarCost(string id, string uptime, string downtime, float price)
- {
- this.ID = id;
- this.UpTime = uptime;
- this.DownTime = downtime;
- this.Price = price;
- }
- public string ID { get; set; }
- public string UpTime { get; set; }
- public string DownTime { get; set; }
- public float Price { get; set; }
- }
二、C#对JSON格式数据的解析
引用Newtonsoft.Json.dll文件,来解析。
比如:有个要解析的JSON字符串
[{"TaskRoleSpaces":"","TaskRoles":"","ProxyUserID":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","UserID":"5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7","UserName":"姓名","UserSystemName":"2234","OperationName":"送合同负责人","OperationValue":"同意","OperationValueText":"","SignDate":"2013-06-19 10:31:26","Comment":"同意","FormDataHashCode":"","SignatureDivID":""},{"TaskRoleSpaces":"","TaskRoles":"","ProxyUserID":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","UserID":"2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089","UserName":"姓名2","UserSystemName":"1234","OperationName":"送合同负责人","OperationValue":"同意","OperationValueText":"","SignDate":"2013-06-20 09:37:11","Comment":"同意","FormDataHashCode":"","SignatureDivID":""}]
首先定义个实体类:
- public class JobInfo
- {
- public string TaskRoleSpaces { get; set; }
- public string TaskRoles { get; set; }
- public string ProxyUserID { get; set; }
- public string UserID { get; set; }
- public string UserName { get; set; }
- public string UserSystemName { get; set; }
- public string OperationName { get; set; }
- public string OperationValue { get; set; }
- public string OperationValueText { get; set; }
- public DateTime SignDate { get; set; }
- public string Comment { get; set; }
- public string FormDataHashCode { get; set; }
- public string SignatureDivID { get; set; }
- }
然后在控制台Main函数内部输入如下代码:
- string json = @"[{'TaskRoleSpaces':'','TaskRoles':'','ProxyUserID':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','UserID':'5d9ad5dc1c5e494db1d1b4d8d79b60a7','UserName':'姓名','UserSystemName':'2234','OperationName':'送合同负责人','OperationValue':'同意','OperationValueText':'','SignDate':'2013-06-19 10:31:26','Comment':'同意','FormDataHashCode':'','SignatureDivID':''},{'TaskRoleSpaces':'','TaskRoles':'','ProxyUserID':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','UserID':'2c96c3943826ea93013826eafe6d0089','UserName':'姓名2','UserSystemName':'1234','OperationName':'送合同负责人','OperationValue':'同意','OperationValueText':'','SignDate':'2013-06-20 09:37:11','Comment':'同意','FormDataHashCode':'','SignatureDivID':''}]
- ";
-
- List<JobInfo> jobInfoList = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<JobInfo>>(json);
-
- foreach (JobInfo jobInfo in jobInfoList)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("UserName:" + jobInfo.UserName + "UserID:" + jobInfo.UserID);
- }
这样就可以正常输出内容了。
我想肯定有人会问,如果有多层关系的json字符串该如何处理呢?没关系,一样的处理。
比如如何解析这个json字符串:[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'MID':1019,'Name':'aaccccc','Des':'cc','Disable':'启用','Remark':'cccc'}}] ?
首先还是定义实体类:
- public class Info
- {
- public string phantom { get; set; }
- public string id { get; set; }
- public data data { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class data
- {
- public int MID { get; set; }
- public string Name { get; set; }
- public string Des { get; set; }
- public string Disable { get; set; }
- public string Remark { get; set; }
- }
然后在main方法里面,键入:
- string json = @"[{'phantom':true,'id':'20130717001','data':{'MID':1019,'Name':'aaccccc','Des':'cc','Disable':'启用','Remark':'cccc'}}]";
- List<Info> infoList = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<Info>>(json);
-
- foreach (Info info in infoList)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("id:" + info.data.MID);
- }
按照我们的预期,应该能够得到1019的结果。
截图为证:
![](https://img-blog.csdn.net/20130717201300109?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvZ3V3ZWk0MDM3/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center)
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
再附一个JSON解析的例子,来自于兔子家族—二哥在本篇博客下的回复。
JSON字符串1:{success:true,data:{id:100001,code:\"JTL-Z38005\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-202\",qty:100,bins:[{code:\"JTL-Z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-001\",qty:100},{ code:\"JTL-Z38002\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-002\",qty:100}]}}
定义数据结构:
- public class Data
- {
- public Boolean success { get; set; }
- public Data1 data { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class Data1
- {
- public Int32 id { get; set; }
- public string code { get; set; }
- public string name { get; set; }
- public string location { get; set; }
- public Int32 qty { get; set; }
- public List<Data2> bins { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class Data2
- {
- public string code { get; set; }
- public string name { get; set; }
- public string location { get; set; }
- public Int32 qty { get; set; }
- }
Main函数:
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- string json = "{success:true,data:{id:100001,code:\"JTL-Z38005\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-202\",qty:100,bins:[{code:\"JTL-Z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-001\",qty:100},{ code:\"JTL-Z38002\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-002\",qty:100}]}}";
- Data data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data>(json);
-
- foreach (var item in data.data.bins)
- {
-
- Console.WriteLine(item.code);
- }
- }
- }
JSON字符串2:{\"success\":true,\"data\":{\"name\":\"张三\",\"moulds\":{\"stockImport\":true,\"stockExport\":true,\"justifyLocation\":true,\"justifyBin\":false,\"binRelease\":false}}}
在控制台应用程序下的完整代码:
- namespace ConsoleApplication1
- {
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- string json = "{\"success\":true,\"data\":{\"name\":\"张三\",\"moulds\":{\"stockImport\":true,\"stockExport\":true,\"justifyLocation\":true,\"justifyBin\":false,\"binRelease\":false}}}";
- Data data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data>(json);
- Console.WriteLine(data.data.moulds.binRelease);
- }
- }
-
- public class Data
- {
- public Boolean success { get; set; }
- public Data1 data { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class Data1
- {
- public string name { get; set; }
- public Data2 moulds { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class Data2
- {
- public Boolean stockImport { get; set; }
- public Boolean stockExport { get; set; }
- public Boolean justifyLocation { get; set; }
- public Boolean justifyBin { get; set; }
- public Boolean binRelease { get; set; }
- }
- }
JSON字符串3:
{
"success": true,
"data": {
"id": 100001,
"bin": "JIT-3JS-2K",
"targetBin": "JIT-3JS-3K",
"batchs": [
"B20140101",
"B20140102"
]
}
}
他的问题主要是不知道batchs这里怎么处理,其实很简单就是一个数组而已。
完整代码如下:
- namespace ConsoleApplication1
- {
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- string json = "{\"success\": true,\"data\": {\"id\": 100001,\"bin\": \"JIT-3JS-2K\",\"targetBin\": \"JIT-3JS-3K\",\"batchs\": [\"B20140101\",\"B20140102\"]}}";
- Data data = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data>(json);
-
- foreach (var item in data.data.batchs)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(item);
- }
- }
- }
-
- public class Data
- {
- public Boolean success { get; set; }
-
- public Data1 data { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class Data1
- {
- public Int32 id { get; set; }
-
- public string bin { get; set; }
-
- public string targetBin { get; set; }
-
- public string[] batchs { get; set; }
- }
- }
除了上述返回类的实体对象做法之外,JSON.NET还提供了JObject类,可以取自己指定节点的内容。
比如:
- namespace ConsoleApplication1
- {
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- string j = "{success:true,data:{ bin:{code:\"JTL-Z38001\",name:\"奥迪三轮毂\",location:\"A-001\",qty:100}}}";
- JObject jo = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(j);
- Console.WriteLine(jo);
- }
- }
-
- public class Data
- {
- public Boolean success { get; set; }
- public Data1 data { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class Data1
- {
- public Data2 bin { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class Data2
- {
- public string code { get; set; }
- public string name { get; set; }
- public string location { get; set; }
- public Int32 qty { get; set; }
- }
- }
直接运行,返回结果如下:
![]()
如果输出内容修改为:
- Console.WriteLine(jo["data"]);
![]()
继续取bin节点。
- Console.WriteLine(jo["data"]["bin"]);
![]()
最后我们取其中name对应的value。
- Console.WriteLine(jo["data"]["bin"]["name"]);
![]()
一步一步的获取了JSON字符串对应的Value。
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
群里有人提出一个问题,比如我要生成如下的JSON字符串,该如何处理呢?
{
"id": 1,
"value": "cate",
"child": [
{
"id": 1,
"value": "cate",
"child": [
]
},
{
"id": 1,
"value": "cate",
"child": [
{
"id": 2,
"value": "cate2",
"child": [
{
"id": 3,
"value": "cate3",
"child": [
]
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
通过观察我们会发现,其实规律比较好找,就是包含id、value、child这样的属性,child又包含id、value、child这样的属性,可以无限循环下去,是个典型的树形结构。
完整的代码如下:
- namespace ConsoleApplication1
- {
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- Data data = new Data();
- data.id = 1;
- data.value = "cate";
- data.child = new List<Data>()
- {
- new Data(){ id=1,value="cate",child=new List<Data>(){}} ,
- new Data(){ id=1,value="cate",child=new List<Data>()
- {
- new Data()
- {
- id=2,
- value="cate2" ,
- child = new List<Data>()
- {
- new Data()
- {
- id = 3,
- value = "cate3",
- child = new List<Data>(){},
- }
- },
- }
- }} ,
- };
-
-
- string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(data);
- Console.WriteLine(json);
-
-
- Data jsonData = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data>(json);
- }
- }
-
- public class Data
- {
- public int id { get; set; }
- public string value { get; set; }
- public List<Data> child { get; set; }
- }
- }
我们验证一下生成的结果:
- JObject jo = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(json);
- Console.WriteLine(jo);
![]()
再来一个复杂点的JSON结构:
[
{
"downList": [],
"line": {
"Id": -1,
"Name": "admin",
"icCard": "1"
},
"upList": [
{
"endTime": "18:10",
"startTime": "06:40",
"sId": 385,
"sType": "38"
},
{
"endTime": "18:10",
"startTime": "06:40",
"sId": 1036,
"sType": "38"
}
]
},
{
"downList": [],
"line": {
"Id": -1,
"Name": "admin",
"icCard": "1"
},
"upList": [
{
"endTime": "18:10",
"startTime": "06:40",
"sId": 385,
"sType": "38"
},
{
"endTime": "18:10",
"startTime": "06:40",
"sId": 1036,
"sType": "38"
}
]
}
]
- namespace ConsoleApplication1
- {
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- string jsonString = "[{\"downList\": [],\"line\": {\"Id\": -1,\"Name\": \"admin\",\"icCard\": \"1\"},\"upList\": [{\"endTime\": \"18:10\",\"startTime\": \"06:40\",\"sId\": 385,\"sType\": \"38\"},{\"endTime\": \"18:10\",\"startTime\": \"06:40\",\"sId\": 1036,\"sType\": \"38\"}]},{\"downList\": [],\"line\": {\"Id\": -1,\"Name\": \"admin\",\"icCard\": \"1\"},\"upList\": [{\"endTime\": \"18:10\",\"startTime\": \"06:40\",\"sId\": 385,\"sType\": \"38\"},{\"endTime\": \"18:10\",\"startTime\": \"06:40\",\"sId\": 1036,\"sType\": \"38\"}]}]";
- Data[] datas = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Data[]>(jsonString);
-
- foreach (Data data in datas)
- {
- downList[] downList = data.downList;
- line line = data.line;
- upList[] upLists = data.upList;
-
-
- Console.WriteLine(string.Join(",", line.Id, line.Name, line.icCard));
- foreach (upList upList in upLists)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Join(",", upList.endTime, upList.startTime, upList.sId, upList.sType));
- }
- Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------------------");
- }
- }
- }
-
-
- public class Data
- {
- public downList[] downList { get; set; }
- public line line { get; set; }
- public upList[] upList { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class downList
- {
-
- }
-
- public class line
- {
- public int Id { get; set; }
- public string Name { get; set; }
- public string icCard { get; set; }
- }
-
- public class upList
- {
- public string endTime { get; set; }
-
- public string startTime { get; set; }
-
- public int sId { get; set; }
-
- public string sType { get; set; }
- }
- }
![](https://img-blog.csdn.net/20150726214139780?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQv/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/Center)
附Newtonsoft.Json.dll下载地址:下载吧