Apache负载均衡实践

最新推荐文章于 2022-11-13 17:09:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-11-13 17:09:51 发布

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分类专栏： Nginx 文章标签： apache负载均衡 apache集群 apache负载springboot

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhangminemail/article/details/98305056

版权

本文介绍了如何在Apache 2.4环境下进行负载均衡配置，包括Apache的下载安装、配置httpd.conf和httpd-vhosts.conf，以及解决启动过程中遇到的问题。通过修改配置文件实现对SpringBoot应用的负载分配，并提供了解决启动错误的步骤。文章还提到了Apache集成Tomcat的相关参考资料。

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1、环境

一台Apache软件、一个SpringBoot的jar包web项目（分别用三个端口启动jar包，分别为8081、8082/8083）

2、配置httpd.conf、httpd-vhosts.conf

一、Apache下载安装：

Apache 下载：建议从官网下载http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi
安装方法参照http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/29697b912f6539ab20de3cf8.html
安装的时候若出现：(OS 5)拒绝访问。 : AH00369: Failed to open the WinNT service manager…。可查看此链接http://blog.csdn.net/u010544319/article/details/8938491。
之前在网上找到的配置方法一般是需要安装mod_jk，配置worker.properties的，这种方法是早期的apache的配置方式。现在的2.4.25已经集成了mod_jk,不需要安装mod_jk配置worker.properties了,简单了很多。
也可以参考该链接https://blog.csdn.net/mikasoi/article/details/80976425

二、配置Apache：

找到Apache2.4安装目录下面的httpd.conf 我的路径是：D:\Apache24\conf，第38行要修改成自己安装的目录 Define SRVROOT “D:\Apache24”，第60行修改端口，因为80的端口容易被占，Listen 8088，第222行也要对应修改，ServerName localhost:8088。

打开mod加载的注释，共6个：

第141行 mod_proxy 提供HTTP/1.1的代理/网关功能支持
142行 mod_proxy_ajp mod_proxy的扩展，提供Apache JServ Protocol支持
143行 mod_proxy_balancer mod_proxy的扩展，提供负载均衡支持
144行 mod_proxy_connect mod_proxy的扩展，提供对处理HTTP CONNECT方法的支持
147行 mod_proxy_ftp mod_proxy的FTP支持模块
149行 mod_proxy_http mod_proxy的HTTP支持模块

第499行 Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf，把这行的注释去掉，引入这个配置文件
修改httpd-vhosts.conf文件路径：D:\Apache24\conf\extra
添加如下代码，实现均衡分配

httpd-vhosts.conf文件末尾添加如下配置：

ProxyRequests Off

<Proxy balancer://proxy>
    BalancerMember http://localhost:8081/
    BalancerMember http://localhost:8082/
	BalancerMember http://localhost:8083/
	ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests
</Proxy>

<VirtualHost localhost:80>
    #这个端口号要与httpd.conf的listen端口一致，网上的教程都是不一致的，我的试验是要一致才可以。
    ServerAdmin 3002885095@qq.com
    ServerName localhost
    ServerAlias localhost
    ProxyPass / balancer://proxy/ stickysession=JSESSIONID nofailover=off
    ProxyPassReverse / balancer://proxy
	ErrorLog "logs/error.log"
</VirtualHost>

启动apche-
```
httpd.exe -w -n "apache" -k start
```

启动报错，查看logs/error.log文件，发现问题如下：

The 'apache' service is running.
 [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01887: Init: Initializing (virtual) servers for SSL
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.337018 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01914: Configuring server servertwo.tld:443 for SSL protocol
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.354001 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH02568: Certificate and private key servertwo.tld:443:0 configured from F:/Apache/conf/ssl/servertwo.crt and F:/Apache/conf/ssl/servertwo.key
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.354001 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01914: Configuring server serverone.tld:443 for SSL protocol
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.364943 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH02568: Certificate and private key serverone.tld:443:0 configured from F:/Apache/conf/ssl/serverone.crt and F:/Apache/conf/ssl/serverone.key
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.365941 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01914: Configuring server localhost:443 for SSL protocol
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.366938 2019] [ssl:warn] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01909: localhost:443:0 server certificate does NOT include an ID which matches the server name
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.366938 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH02568: Certificate and private key localhost:443:0 configured from F:/Apache/conf/ssl/server.crt and F:/Apache/conf/ssl/server.key
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.366938 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01876: mod_ssl/2.4.39 compiled against Server: Apache/2.4.39, Library: OpenSSL/1.0.2s
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.514543 2019] [core:warn] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH00098: pid file F:/Apache/logs/httpd.pid overwritten -- Unclean shutdown of previous Apache run?
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.596346 2019] [socache_shmcb:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH00830: Shared memory socache initialised
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.596346 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01887: Init: Initializing (virtual) servers for SSL
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.596346 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01914: Configuring server servertwo.tld:443 for SSL protocol
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.596346 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH02568: Certificate and private key servertwo.tld:443:0 configured from F:/Apache/conf/ssl/servertwo.crt and F:/Apache/conf/ssl/servertwo.key
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.596346 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01914: Configuring server serverone.tld:443 for SSL protocol
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.597322 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH02568: Certificate and private key serverone.tld:443:0 configured from F:/Apache/conf/ssl/serverone.crt and F:/Apache/conf/ssl/serverone.key
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.597322 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01914: Configuring server localhost:443 for SSL protocol
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.597322 2019] [ssl:warn] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01909: localhost:443:0 server certificate does NOT include an ID which matches the server name
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.597322 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH02568: Certificate and private key localhost:443:0 configured from F:/Apache/conf/ssl/server.crt and F:/Apache/conf/ssl/server.key
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.598320 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01876: mod_ssl/2.4.39 compiled against Server: Apache/2.4.39, Library: OpenSSL/1.0.2s
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.598320 2019] [proxy_balancer:emerg] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH01177: Failed to lookup provider 'shm' for 'slotmem': is mod_slotmem_shm loaded??
[Fri Aug 02 20:48:39.598320 2019] [:emerg] [pid 8388:tid 692] AH00020: Configuration Failed, exiting

找到对应的错误信息，发现mod_slotmem_shm 这个模块没有加载，在httpd.conf中找到该模块，去掉注释

LoadModule slotmem_shm_module modules/mod_slotmem_shm.so

再次启动，失败，查看error.log信息

The 'apache' service is running.
 [ssl:info] [pid 20404:tid 564] AH01887: Init: Initializing (virtual) servers for SSL
[Fri Aug 02 20:49:33.614365 2019] [ssl:info] [pid 20404:tid 564] AH01914: Configuring server servertwo.tld:443 for SSL protocol
[Fri Aug 02 20:49:33.614365 2019] [ss