Design pattern:Factory Method

一定义：工厂方法模试不是用一个专门的类来决定实例化哪一个子类。而是，父类把这种决定延迟到每个子类。既由子类来决定要实例化谁。

二UML类图：

三模式角色与结构：

Product :定义工厂所要创建的抽象产品

ConcreteProduct:实现抽象产品的具体产品

Creator:声明工厂方法，返回抽象产品

ConcreteCreator:实现Creator,返回具体的产品

四程序举例：

使用工厂方法模式，写一个动物工厂。动物工厂中的动物有“吃东西”的行为。

using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Text;
 
 namespace FactoryMethod
 {
     abstract class Animals {
         protected String name;
         protected String food;
 
         public abstract void eat();
 
         protected String Food
         {
             get { return food; }
             set { food = value; }
         }
 
 
         protected String Name
         {
             get { return name; }
             set { name = value; }
         }
     }
 
     class Dog : Animals
     {
         public Dog(String food)
         {
             this.name = "狗";
             this.food = food;
         }
 
         public override void eat()
         {
             Console.WriteLine("Dog is Eatting"+this.food);
         }
     }
 
     class Cat : Animals
     {
 
          public Cat(String food)
         {
             this.name = "猫";
             this.food = food;
         }
 
         public override void eat()
         {
             Console.WriteLine("Cat is Eatting"+this.food);
         }
     }
 
     interface IFactory {
         Animals createAnimals(String str);
     }
 
     class DogFactory : IFactory
     {
 
         public Animals createAnimals(string str)
         {
             return new Dog(str);
         }
     }
 
     class CatFacory : IFactory
     {
 
 
         public Animals createAnimals(string str)
         {
             return new Cat(str);
         }
     }
 
     class Client
     {
         static void Main(string[] args)
         {
             IFactory Catfactory = new CatFacory();
             IFactory Dogfactory = new DogFactory();
 
             Dog dog = (Dog)Dogfactory.createAnimals("骨头");
             Cat cat = (Cat)Catfactory.createAnimals("鱼");
 
             dog.eat();
             cat.eat();
 
         }
     }
 }
 

效果显示：