JPA---双向一对多

双向一对多要注意一下几个知识点：

1-m 多的一方为关系维护端，关系维护端负责外键记录的更新，关系被维护端是没有权利更新外键记录

onetomany or manytomany 后面的many 默认都是延迟加载
manytoone or onetoone  立即加载
JPA，在@OneToMany里加入mappedBy属性避免生成中间表 （设置mappedBy的那一方是被维护端）
使用JPA的时候，如果A B两个实体间是一对多，多对一的关系，如果不在@OneToMany里加入mappedBy属性(相当于inverse=”true”)会导致自动生成一个多余的中间表。

通过下面的例子来学习JPA-的双向一对多

一的一方

Order.java 

package com.olay.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;


import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;



@Entity
@Table(name="MyOrder")
public class Orders  implements Serializable{
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private String orderid;
	private float account=0f;
	private Set<OrderItem> items = new HashSet<OrderItem>();

	@Id @Column(length=50)
	public String getOrderid() {
		return orderid;
	}

	public void setOrderid(String orderid) {
		this.orderid = orderid;
	}

	@Column(nullable=false)
	public float getAccount() {
		return account;
	}

	public void setAccount(float account) {
		this.account = account;
	}

	@OneToMany(cascade={CascadeType.ALL},mappedBy="orders")
	public Set<OrderItem> getItems() {
		return items;
	}

	public void setItems(Set<OrderItem> items) {
		this.items = items;
	}
	
        //添加OrderItem对象
	public void addOrderItem(OrderItem orderItem){
		orderItem.setOrders(this);
		this.items.add(orderItem);
	}
	
	

}

在一的一方设置

@OneToMany(cascade={CascadeType.ALL},mappedBy="orders")

maooedBy=“orders”  表示被维护，通过多的那方的属性orders来维护

cascade={CascadeType.ALL}  表示级联关系

多的一方

OrderItem.java

package com.olay.entity;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;


@Entity
public class OrderItem  implements Serializable{
	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	private int id;
	private String produceName;
	private float sellPrice=0f;
	private Orders orders;

	@Id @GeneratedValue
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	@Column(length=50,nullable=false)
	public String getProduceName() {
		return produceName;
	}

	public void setProduceName(String produceName) {
		this.produceName = produceName;
	}

	@Column(nullable=false)
	public float getSellPrice() {
		return sellPrice;
	}

	public void setSellPrice(float sellPrice) {
		this.sellPrice = sellPrice;
	}

	@ManyToOne(cascade={CascadeType.REFRESH,CascadeType.MERGE},optional=false)
	@JoinColumn(name="orders_id")
	public Orders getOrders() {
		return orders;
	}

	public void setOrders(Orders orders) {
		this.orders = orders;
	}
	
	

}

设置：

@ManyToOne(cascade={CascadeType.REFRESH,CascadeType.MERGE},optional=false)
    @JoinColumn(name="orders_id")

cascade={CascadeType.REFRESH,CascadeType.MERGE} 设置级联关系一定要更加需求设定有关的级联类型

optional=false  这里表示是否可选，false表示不可选（即不能为空，这里必须为false，因为我们要求外键不能为空）

@JoinColumn(name="orders_id")   这是关联一的一方，这会在数据库表中添加orders_id字段（外键），这字段与一的一方的id相对应

测试类

package com.olay.junit;

import java.util.UUID;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;


import com.olay.entity.OrderItem;
import com.olay.entity.Orders;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

public class OneToMany extends TestCase {
		public void test(){
			EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("olayjpa");
			EntityManager em=emf.createEntityManager();
			em.getTransaction().begin();
			OrderItem oi1 = new OrderItem();
			oi1.setProduceName("足球1");
			oi1.setSellPrice(90f);
			
			OrderItem oi2 = new OrderItem();
			oi2.setProduceName("篮球1");
			oi2.setSellPrice(80f);
			
			Orders orders = new Orders();
			orders.setOrderid(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
			orders.setAccount(345);
			orders.addOrderItem(oi1);
			orders.addOrderItem(oi2);
			em.persist(orders);
			em.getTransaction().commit();
			emf.close();
		}
}

结果：