一、SpringCloud 微服务基础介绍
二、SpringCloud 微服务项目构建
三、SpringCloud 微服务之Eureka 服务注册与发现
四、SpringCloud 微服务之 Zookeeper 服务注册与发现
五、SpringCloud 微服务之Consul 服务注册与发现
六、SpringCloud 微服务之 Ribbon 负载均衡服务调用
七、SpringCloud 微服务之 OpenFeign 服务接口调用
八、SpringCloud 微服务之 Hystrix 断路器
九、Spring Cloud 微服务之 Gateway
十、SpringCloud 微服务之SpringCloud Config 分布式配置中心
十一、SpringCloud 微服务之SpringCloud Bus 消息总线
十二、SpringCloud 微服务之SpringCloud Stream 消息驱动
十三、Spring Cloud 微服务之 SpringCloud Sleuth 分布式请求链路跟踪
十四、SpringCloud Alibaba Nacos 服务注册和配置中心
十五、SpringCloud Alibaba Sentinel 实现熔断与限流
十六、SpringCloud Alibaba Seata 处理分布式事务
微服务架构编码构建
1. 创建父项目
1.1 使用 maven site 新建父项目
1.2 修改 pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zzx</groupId>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<!-- 统一管理 jar 包版本 -->
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
<lombok.version>1.18.0</lombok.version>
<mysql.version>8.0.25</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.17</druid.version>
<mybatis.spring.boot.version>2.2.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
</properties>
<!-- 子模块继承之后,提供作用:锁定版本+子 module不用写groupId和version -->
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<!-- spring boot 2.2.2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring cloud Hoxton.SR1 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.spring.boot/mybatis-spring-boot-starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>${junit.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>${lombok.version}</version>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<fork>true</fork>
<addResources>true</addResources>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- DependencyManagement是声明jar包统一管理,Dependencies作为引用,在DependencyManagement下记录jar的三维坐标
- 如果像子类中只是被Dependencies包裹的,那么maven就会去下载jar,继承 dependencyManagement下的版本号等
- DependencyManagement里只是声明依赖,并不引入实现,因此子项目需要显示的声明需要用的依赖,子项目version和scope都读取自父pom
- 如果不在子项目中声明依赖,就不会从父项目继承
- 如果子项目中指定了版本号,就会优先使用子项目中指定的版本
2 创建支付模块微服务
在父项目中创建 cloud-provider-payment8001 支付服务module
修改 pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zzx</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
<druid.spring.boot.starter.version>1.2.6</druid.spring.boot.starter.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${druid.spring.boot.starter.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.76</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
yaml 文件编写
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: cloud-payment-service # 设置服务名称
datasource:
type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource # 当前数据源操作类型
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver # mysql 驱动包
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?rewriteBatchedStatements=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true&allowMultiQueries=true&useSSL=false
username: root
password: 123456
mybatis:
mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
编写 SpringBoot 启动类
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
}
}
编写实体类和响应结果类
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1025999481836730517L;
private Long id;
private String serial;
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
private int code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(int code, String message) {
this(code, message, null);
}
}
编写 mapper 接口
@Mapper
public interface PaymentMapper {
/**
* 写入数据
* @param payment
* @return
*/
int create(Payment payment);
/**
* 根据id获取数据
* @param id
* @return
*/
Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}
配置 mybatis 主配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.zzx.springcloud.entities.Payment" alias="Payment"></typeAlias>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
配置 mapper 配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.zzx.springcloud.mapper.PaymentMapper">
<resultMap id="paymentResultMap" type="Payment">
<id column="id" property="id"></id>
<result column="serial" property="serial"></result>
</resultMap>
<sql id="PaymentColumn">
id
,serial
</sql>
<insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyColumn="id" keyProperty="id">
insert into payment(serial)
values (#{serial})
</insert>
<select id="getPaymentById" resultMap="paymentResultMap">
select
<include refid="PaymentColumn"/>
from payment
where id=#{id}
</select>
</mapper>
编写 service 接口和 impl
public interface PaymentService {
/**
* 写入数据
* @param payment
* @return
*/
Integer create(Payment payment);
/**
* 根据id获取数据
* @param id
* @return
*/
Payment getPaymentById(Long id);
}
@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {
private final PaymentMapper paymentMapper;
@Autowired
public PaymentServiceImpl(PaymentMapper paymentMapper) {
this.paymentMapper = paymentMapper;
}
@Override
public Integer create(Payment payment) {
int i = 0;
try {
i = paymentMapper.create(payment);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return i;
}
@Override
public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
Payment payment = null;
try {
payment = paymentMapper.getPaymentById(id);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return payment;
}
}
编写 controller
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
private final PaymentService paymentService;
@Autowired
public PaymentController(PaymentService paymentService) {
this.paymentService = paymentService;
}
@PostMapping("/payment/create")
public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment) {
Integer result = paymentService.create(payment);
log.info("插入结果:{}", result);
if (result > 0) {
return new CommonResult(200, "插入成功", result);
}
return new CommonResult(444, "插入失败");
}
@GetMapping("/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
if (!Objects.isNull(payment)) {
return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功", payment);
}
return new CommonResult(444, "没有对应的数据,查询的id为:" + id);
}
}
使用 postman 进行测试插入和查询数据
3 创建订单模块微服务
在父项目中创建 cloud-consumer-order80 模块
修改 pom 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zzx</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.76</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
编写 yaml
注意:一般提供给用户访问的端口设置为80,访问时可以省略端口号
server:
port: 80
编写实体类和响应结果类
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1025999481836730517L;
private Long id;
private String serial;
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
private int code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(int code, String message) {
this(code, message, null);
}
}
配置 RestTemplate
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
/**
* 向容器中注册 RestTemplate
* @return
*/
@Bean
public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
编写 controller
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {
private static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";
private final RestTemplate restTemplate;
@Autowired
public OrderController(RestTemplate restTemplate) {
this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment) {
return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
}
@GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
public CommonResult<Payment> getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class);
}
}
使用 postman 进行测试
4 项目重构优化
现在两个模块中存在公共的代码,将其抽取出来放入一个核心模块,以供重复使用
在父项目中新建 cloud-api-commons 模块
修改 pom
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<artifactId>springcloud</artifactId>
<groupId>com.zzx</groupId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
抽取公共代码
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString
public class Payment implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1025999481836730517L;
private Long id;
private String serial;
}
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
private int code;
private String message;
private T data;
public CommonResult(int code, String message) {
this(code, message, null);
}
}
删除 cloud-comsumer-order80 和 cloud-provider-payment8001 模块中的 entities
在各自的 pom 中引入
<dependency>
<groupId>com.zzx</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>