8、bean的作用域控制,是否是单例
9、利用工厂模式创建bean对象
10、实现FactoryBean来创建对象
FactoryBean —— 是用来获取唯一的对象的。
(而 BeanFactory 定义的是一个接口,里面定义的更多的是规范)
11、bean对象的初始化和销毁
12、配置bean对象初始化方法的前后处理方法
代码示例:
代码结构;
bean文件夹下: person 、 MyBeanPostProcessor
person 类:
package com.zhoulz.bean;
import java.util.*;
/**
* @Auther: zhoulz
* @Description: com.zhoulz.bean
* @version: 1.0
*/
public class Person {
private int id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String gender;
//复杂类型
private String[] hobbies;
private Address address;
//private List<String> lists;
private List<Address> lists;
private Set<String> sets;
private Map<String, Object> maps;
private Properties properties;
public Person() {
System.out.println("person被创建了!");
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("person对象初始化完成");
}
public void destory(){
System.out.println("person对象被销毁");
}
//然后见ioc.xml配置文件
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public String[] getHobbies() {
return hobbies;
}
public void setHobbies(String[] hobbies) {
this.hobbies = hobbies;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
public List<Address> getLists() {
return lists;
}
public void setLists(List<Address> lists) {
this.lists = lists;
}
public Set<String> getSets() {
return sets;
}
public void setSets(Set<String> sets) {
this.sets = sets;
}
public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
return maps;
}
public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
this.maps = maps;
}
public Properties getProperties() {
return properties;
}
public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
this.properties = properties;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Person{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
", hobbies=" + Arrays.toString(hobbies) +
", address=" + address +
", lists=" + lists +
", sets=" + sets +
", maps=" + maps +
", properties=" + properties +
'}';
}
}
MyBeanPostProcessor:
package com.zhoulz.bean;
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanNameAware;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
//在每一个对象的初始化方法前面执行
//bean—— 表示创建的具体对象
//beanName—— 表示bean的id属性
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("postProcessBeforeInitialization:"+ beanName);
return bean;
}
//在每一个对象的初始化方法后面执行
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
System.out.println("postProcessAfterInitialization:"+beanName);
return bean;
}
}
factory文件夹下:MyFactoryBean、PersonStaticFactory、PersonInstanceFactory
MyFactoryBean:
package com.zhoulz.factory;
import com.zhoulz.bean.Person;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
/**
*此方式是spring创建bean方式的一种补充,用户可以按照需求创建对象,
* 创建的对象交由spring IOC容器来进行管理,无论是否是单例,都是在用到
* 的时候才会创建该对象,不用该对象不会创建
* */
public class MyFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Person> {
//返回获取的bean
@Override
public Person getObject() throws Exception {
Person person = new Person();
person.setId(6);
person.setName("王五");
return person;
}
//获取返回bean的类型
@Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return Person.class;
}
//判断当前bean是否是单例的
@Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
//return false; //单例
return true; //多例 同上,无论是否是单例,都是在用到的时候才会创建该对象,不用该对象不会创建
}
}
PersonStaticFactory:
package com.zhoulz.factory;
import com.zhoulz.bean.Person;
/**
* 静态工厂类
* */
public class PersonStaticFactory {
//先建立一个静态方法
public static Person getInstance(String name){
Person person = new Person();
person.setId(1);
person.setName(name);
person.setAge(18);
return person;
}
}
PersonInstanceFactory:
package com.zhoulz.factory;
import com.zhoulz.bean.Person;
/**
* 实例工厂类
* */
public class PersonInstanceFactory {
//先建立一个方法
public Person getInstance(String name){
Person person = new Person();
person.setId(2);
person.setName(name);
person.setAge(20);
return person;
}
}
ioc.xml配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="person" class="com.zhoulz.bean.Person" > <!--单例-->
<property name="id" value="1"></property>
<property name="name" value="lisi"></property>
<property name="age" value="20"></property>
<property name="gender" value="男"></property>
</bean>
<!--设置bean对象的作用域-->
<!--
通过scope属性可以指定当前bean的作用域
singleton:单例模式,从IOC容器中获取的都是同一个对象,默认的作用域
prototype:多例模式,从IOC容器获取的对象每次都是新创建
在spring4.x的版本中,还包括另外两种作用域:
request:每次发送请求都会有一个新的对象;
session:每一次会话都会有一个新的对象
(几乎不用,从来没用过,因此在5版本的时候被淘汰了)
注意:
如果是singleton作用域的话,每次在创建IOC容器完成之前此对象已经创建完成
如果是prototype作用域的话,每次是在需要用到此对象的时候才会创建
-->
<bean id="person2" class="com.zhoulz.bean.Person" scope="singleton"></bean>
<!--利用工厂模式创建bean对象-->
<!--静态工厂:类名.静态方法()-->
<bean id="person4" class="com.zhoulz.factory.PersonStaticFactory" factory-method="getInstance">
<constructor-arg value="zhangsan"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<!--实例工厂:先创建工厂实例,然后调用工厂实例方法
factory-bean:表示具体工厂类的实例
factory-method:表示具体工厂实例的方法
-->
<bean id="instanceFactory" class="com.zhoulz.factory.PersonInstanceFactory"></bean>
<bean id="person5" class="com.zhoulz.bean.Person" factory-bean="instanceFactory" factory-method="getInstance">
<constructor-arg value="lisi"></constructor-arg>
</bean>
<bean id="myFactoryBean" class="com.zhoulz.factory.MyFactoryBean"></bean>
<!--spring容器在创建对象的时候可以指定具体初始化和销毁方法
init-method : 在对象创建完成之后会调用初始化方法
destroy-method:在容器关闭的时候会调用销毁方法
另外:
初始化和销毁的方法跟scope属性也是相关联的
如果是singleton,初始化和销毁的方法都存在
如果是prototype,初始化方法会调用,但是销毁的方法不会调用
-->
<bean id="person7" class="com.zhoulz.bean.Person" init-method="init" destroy-method="destory" scope="singleton"></bean>
<bean id="myBeanPostProcessor" class="com.zhoulz.bean.MyBeanPostProcessor"></bean>
</beans>
测试类:
import com.zhoulz.bean.Person;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MyTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("ioc.xml");
/*Person person = context.getBean("person", Person.class);
System.out.println(person);*/
/*Person person2 = context.getBean("person2", Person.class);
//System.out.println(person2);
Person person3 = context.getBean("person2", Person.class);
System.out.println(person2 == person3); //singleton —— true
//prototype —— false*/
/*Person person4 = context.getBean("person4", Person.class);
System.out.println(person4);
Person person5 = context.getBean("person5", Person.class);
System.out.println(person5);*/
/*Person myFactoryBean = context.getBean("myFactoryBean", Person.class);
System.out.println(myFactoryBean);*/
Person person7 = context.getBean("person7", Person.class);
System.out.println(person7);
//调用close()方法来关闭容器
//context.close(); //直接用——没有该方法,报错
//必须先进行一个(从上到下的)转型
((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)context).close();
}
}