动手学强化学习 第 14 章 SAC 算法 训练代码

基于 https://github.com/boyu-ai/Hands-on-RL/blob/main/%E7%AC%AC14%E7%AB%A0-SAC%E7%AE%97%E6%B3%95.ipynb

理论 SAC 算法

修改了警告和报错

运行环境

Debian GNU/Linux 12
Python 3.9.19
torch 2.0.1
gym 0.26.2

运行代码

SAC.py

#!/usr/bin/env python


import random
import gym
import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
import torch
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.distributions import Normal
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import rl_utils


class PolicyNet(torch.nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, state_dim, hidden_dim, action_dim):
        super(PolicyNet, self).__init__()
        self.fc1 = torch.nn.Linear(state_dim, hidden_dim)
        self.fc2 = torch.nn.Linear(hidden_dim, action_dim)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        return F.softmax(self.fc2(x), dim=1)


class QValueNet(torch.nn.Module):
    ''' 只有一层隐藏层的Q网络 '''

    def __init__(self, state_dim, hidden_dim, action_dim):
        super(QValueNet, self).__init__()
        self.fc1 = torch.nn.Linear(state_dim, hidden_dim)
        self.fc2 = torch.nn.Linear(hidden_dim, action_dim)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = F.relu(self.fc1(x))
        return self.fc2(x)


class SAC:
    ''' 处理离散动作的SAC算法 '''

    def __init__(self, state_dim, hidden_dim, action_dim, actor_lr, critic_lr,
                 alpha_lr, target_entropy, tau, gamma, device):
        # 策略网络
        self.actor = PolicyNet(state_dim, hidden_dim, action_dim).to(device)
        # 第一个Q网络
        self.critic_1 = QValueNet(state_dim, hidden_dim, action_dim).to(device)
        # 第二个Q网络
        self.critic_2 = QValueNet(state_dim, hidden_dim, action_dim).to(device)
        self.target_critic_1 = QValueNet(state_dim, hidden_dim,
                                         action_dim).to(device)  # 第一个目标Q网络
        self.target_critic_2 = QValueNet(state_dim, hidden_dim,
                                         action_dim).to(device)  # 第二个目标Q网络
        # 令目标Q网络的初始参数和Q网络一样
        self.target_critic_1.load_state_dict(self.critic_1.state_dict())
        self.target_critic_2.load_state_dict(self.critic_2.state_dict())
        self.actor_optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(self.actor.parameters(),
                                                lr=actor_lr)
        self.critic_1_optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(self.critic_1.parameters(),
                                                   lr=critic_lr)
        self.critic_2_optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(self.critic_2.parameters(),
                                                   lr=critic_lr)
        # 使用alpha的log值,可以使训练结果比较稳定
        self.log_alpha = torch.tensor(np.log(0.01), dtype=torch.float)
        self.log_alpha.requires_grad = True  # 可以对alpha求梯度
        self.log_alpha_optimizer = torch.optim.Adam([self.log_alpha],
                                                    lr=alpha_lr)
        self.target_entropy = target_entropy  # 目标熵的大小
        self.gamma = gamma
        self.tau = tau
        self.device = device

    def take_action(self, state):
        state = torch.tensor(np.array([state]), dtype=torch.float).to(self.device)
        probs = self.actor(state)
        action_dist = torch.distributions.Categorical(probs)
        action = action_dist.sample()
        return action.item()

    # 计算目标Q值,直接用策略网络的输出概率进行期望计算
    def calc_target(self, rewards, next_states, dones):
        next_probs = self.actor(next_states)
        next_log_probs = torch.log(next_probs + 1e-8)
        entropy = -torch.sum(next_probs * next_log_probs, dim=1, keepdim=True)
        q1_value = self.target_critic_1(next_states)
        q2_value = self.target_critic_2(next_states)
        min_qvalue = torch.sum(next_probs * torch.min(q1_value, q2_value),
                               dim=1,
                               keepdim=True)
        next_value = min_qvalue + self.log_alpha.exp() * entropy
        td_target = rewards + self.gamma * next_value * (1 - dones)
        return td_target

    def soft_update(self, net, target_net):
        for param_target, param in zip(target_net.parameters(),
                                       net.parameters()):
            param_target.data.copy_(param_target.data * (1.0 - self.tau) +
                                    param.data * self.tau)

    def update(self, transition_dict):
        states = torch.tensor(transition_dict['states'],
                              dtype=torch.float).to(self.device)
        actions = torch.tensor(transition_dict['actions']).view(-1, 1).to(
            self.device)  # 动作不再是float类型
        rewards = torch.tensor(transition_dict['rewards'],
                               dtype=torch.float).view(-1, 1).to(self.device)
        next_states = torch.tensor(transition_dict['next_states'],
                                   dtype=torch.float).to(self.device)
        dones = torch.tensor(transition_dict['dones'],
                             dtype=torch.float).view(-1, 1).to(self.device)

        # 更新两个Q网络
        td_target = self.calc_target(rewards, next_states, dones)
        critic_1_q_values = self.critic_1(states).gather(1, actions)
        critic_1_loss = torch.mean(
            F.mse_loss(critic_1_q_values, td_target.detach()))
        critic_2_q_values = self.critic_2(states).gather(1, actions)
        critic_2_loss = torch.mean(
            F.mse_loss(critic_2_q_values, td_target.detach()))
        self.critic_1_optimizer.zero_grad()
        critic_1_loss.backward()
        self.critic_1_optimizer.step()
        self.critic_2_optimizer.zero_grad()
        critic_2_loss.backward()
        self.critic_2_optimizer.step()

        # 更新策略网络
        probs = self.actor(states)
        log_probs = torch.log(probs + 1e-8)
        # 直接根据概率计算熵
        entropy = -torch.sum(probs * log_probs, dim=1, keepdim=True)  #
        q1_value = self.critic_1(states)
        q2_value = self.critic_2(states)
        min_qvalue = torch.sum(probs * torch.min(q1_value, q2_value),
                               dim=1,
                               keepdim=True)  # 直接根据概率计算期望
        actor_loss = torch.mean(-self.log_alpha.exp() * entropy - min_qvalue)
        self.actor_optimizer.zero_grad()
        actor_loss.backward()
        self.actor_optimizer.step()

        # 更新alpha值
        alpha_loss = torch.mean(
            (entropy - target_entropy).detach() * self.log_alpha.exp())
        self.log_alpha_optimizer.zero_grad()
        alpha_loss.backward()
        self.log_alpha_optimizer.step()

        self.soft_update(self.critic_1, self.target_critic_1)
        self.soft_update(self.critic_2, self.target_critic_2)


actor_lr = 1e-3
critic_lr = 1e-2
alpha_lr = 1e-2
num_episodes = 200
hidden_dim = 128
gamma = 0.98
tau = 0.005  # 软更新参数
buffer_size = 10000
minimal_size = 500
batch_size = 64
target_entropy = -1
device = torch.device("cuda") if torch.cuda.is_available() else torch.device(
    "cpu")

env_name = 'CartPole-v1'
env = gym.make(env_name)
random.seed(0)
np.random.seed(0)
env.reset(seed=0)
torch.manual_seed(0)
replay_buffer = rl_utils.ReplayBuffer(buffer_size)
state_dim = env.observation_space.shape[0]
action_dim = env.action_space.n
agent = SAC(state_dim, hidden_dim, action_dim, actor_lr, critic_lr, alpha_lr,
            target_entropy, tau, gamma, device)

return_list = rl_utils.train_off_policy_agent(env, agent, num_episodes,
                                              replay_buffer, minimal_size,
                                              batch_size)

episodes_list = list(range(len(return_list)))
plt.plot(episodes_list, return_list)
plt.xlabel('Episodes')
plt.ylabel('Returns')
plt.title('SAC on {}'.format(env_name))
plt.show()

mv_return = rl_utils.moving_average(return_list, 9)
plt.plot(episodes_list, mv_return)
plt.xlabel('Episodes')
plt.ylabel('Returns')
plt.title('SAC on {}'.format(env_name))
plt.show()

rl_utils.py

from tqdm import tqdm
import numpy as np
import torch
import collections
import random


class ReplayBuffer:
    def __init__(self, capacity):
        self.buffer = collections.deque(maxlen=capacity)

    def add(self, state, action, reward, next_state, done):
        self.buffer.append((state, action, reward, next_state, done))

    def sample(self, batch_size):
        transitions = random.sample(self.buffer, batch_size)
        state, action, reward, next_state, done = zip(*transitions)
        return np.array(state), action, reward, np.array(next_state), done

    def size(self):
        return len(self.buffer)


def moving_average(a, window_size):
    cumulative_sum = np.cumsum(np.insert(a, 0, 0))
    middle = (cumulative_sum[window_size:] - cumulative_sum[:-window_size]) / window_size
    r = np.arange(1, window_size - 1, 2)
    begin = np.cumsum(a[:window_size - 1])[::2] / r
    end = (np.cumsum(a[:-window_size:-1])[::2] / r)[::-1]
    return np.concatenate((begin, middle, end))


def train_on_policy_agent(env, agent, num_episodes):
    return_list = []
    for i in range(10):
        with tqdm(total=int(num_episodes / 10), desc='Iteration %d' % i) as pbar:
            for i_episode in range(int(num_episodes / 10)):
                episode_return = 0
                transition_dict = {'states': [], 'actions': [], 'next_states': [], 'rewards': [], 'dones': []}
                state = env.reset()[0]
                done = False
                while not done and len(transition_dict['states']) < 2000:
                    action = agent.take_action(state)
                    next_state, reward, done, _, __ = env.step(action)
                    transition_dict['states'].append(state)
                    transition_dict['actions'].append(action)
                    transition_dict['next_states'].append(next_state)
                    transition_dict['rewards'].append(reward)
                    transition_dict['dones'].append(done)
                    state = next_state
                    episode_return += reward
                return_list.append(episode_return)
                agent.update(transition_dict)
                if (i_episode + 1) % 10 == 0:
                    pbar.set_postfix({'episode': '%d' % (num_episodes / 10 * i + i_episode + 1),
                                      'return': '%.3f' % np.mean(return_list[-10:])})
                pbar.update(1)
    return return_list


def train_off_policy_agent(env, agent, num_episodes, replay_buffer, minimal_size, batch_size):
    return_list = []
    for i in range(10):
        with tqdm(total=int(num_episodes / 10), desc='Iteration %d' % i) as pbar:
            for i_episode in range(int(num_episodes / 10)):
                episode_return = 0
                state = env.reset()[0]
                done = False
                while not done:
                    action = agent.take_action(state)
                    next_state, reward, done, _, __ = env.step(action)
                    replay_buffer.add(state, action, reward, next_state, done)
                    state = next_state
                    episode_return += reward
                    if replay_buffer.size() > minimal_size:
                        b_s, b_a, b_r, b_ns, b_d = replay_buffer.sample(batch_size)
                        transition_dict = {'states': b_s, 'actions': b_a, 'next_states': b_ns, 'rewards': b_r,
                                           'dones': b_d}
                        agent.update(transition_dict)
                return_list.append(episode_return)
                if (i_episode + 1) % 10 == 0:
                    pbar.set_postfix({'episode': '%d' % (num_episodes / 10 * i + i_episode + 1),
                                      'return': '%.3f' % np.mean(return_list[-10:])})
                pbar.update(1)
    return return_list


def compute_advantage(gamma, lmbda, td_delta):
    td_delta = td_delta.detach().numpy()
    advantage_list = []
    advantage = 0.0
    for delta in td_delta[::-1]:
        advantage = gamma * lmbda * advantage + delta
        advantage_list.append(advantage)
    advantage_list.reverse()
    return torch.tensor(np.array(advantage_list), dtype=torch.float)