u-boot第二阶段start.s分析：start_armboot部分（一）

  在第一部分说过u-boot的第一阶段是汇编语言部分，那重头戏就是这第二部分了：start_armboot部分。

  首先将编译好的u-boot烧写完成，启动，并打印出环境变量：

bootargs=root=/dev/mtdblock2 console=ttySAC0,115200
bootcmd=nand read.i c0008000 80000 500000;bootm c0008000
bootdelay=3
baudrate=115200
ethaddr=08:90:90:90:90:90
ipaddr=192.168.1.230
serverip=192.168.1.88
gatewayip=192.168.1.1
netmask=255.255.255.0
stdin=serial
stdout=serial
stderr=serial

Environment size: 291/131068 bytes

  着重注意bootcmd=nand read.i c0008000 80000 500000;bootm c0008000这句话，因为这是u-boot传递给内核的参数！

  怎么理解bootcmd？首先必须要理解u-boot的最终目标就是从flash中读出内核，然后启动内核，所以就很好理解这句话了：在nand中0x80000处开始的5M的数据拷到sdram0xc0008000处，从这个地址开始执行。

  然后利用source insight定位到start_armboot的位置：lib_arm\board.c

  代码如下：

void start_armboot (void)
{
	init_fnc_t **init_fnc_ptr;
	char *s;
#ifndef CFG_NO_FLASH
	ulong size;
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_VFD) || defined(CONFIG_LCD)
	unsigned long addr;
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND)
	uint *magic = (uint *) (PHYS_SDRAM_1);
#endif

	/* Pointer is writable since we allocated a register for it */
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_UPPER_CODE /* by scsuh */
	ulong gd_base;

	gd_base = CFG_UBOOT_BASE + CFG_UBOOT_SIZE - CFG_MALLOC_LEN - CFG_STACK_SIZE - sizeof(gd_t);
#ifdef CONFIG_USE_IRQ
	gd_base -= (CONFIG_STACKSIZE_IRQ+CONFIG_STACKSIZE_FIQ);
#endif
	gd = (gd_t*)gd_base;
#else
	gd = (gd_t*)(_armboot_start - CFG_MALLOC_LEN - sizeof(gd_t));
    //给gd结构体分配内存
#endif

	/* compiler optimization barrier needed for GCC >= 3.4 */
	__asm__ __volatile__("": : :"memory");

	memset ((void*)gd, 0, sizeof (gd_t));
	gd->bd = (bd_t*)((char*)gd - sizeof(bd_t));
	memset (gd->bd, 0, sizeof (bd_t));

	monitor_flash_len = _bss_start - _armboot_start;

	for (init_fnc_ptr = init_sequence; *init_fnc_ptr; ++init_fnc_ptr) {
    //进行一系列初始化
		if ((*init_fnc_ptr)() != 0) {
			hang ();
		}
	}

#ifndef CFG_NO_FLASH
	/* configure available FLASH banks */
	size = flash_init ();
	display_flash_config (size);
#endif /* CFG_NO_FLASH */

#ifdef CONFIG_VFD
#	ifndef PAGE_SIZE
#	  define PAGE_SIZE 4096
#	endif
	/*
	 * reserve memory for VFD display (always full pages)
	 */
	/* bss_end is defined in the board-specific linker script */
	addr = (_bss_end + (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
	size = vfd_setmem (addr);
	gd->fb_base = addr;
#endif /* CONFIG_VFD */

#ifdef CONFIG_LCD
#	ifndef PAGE_SIZE
#	  define PAGE_SIZE 4096
#	endif
	/*
	 * reserve memory for LCD display (always full pages)
	 */
	/* bss_end is defined in the board-specific linker script */
	addr = (_bss_end + (PAGE_SIZE - 1)) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
	size = lcd_setmem (addr);
	gd->fb_base = addr;
#endif /* CONFIG_LCD */

	/* armboot_start is defined in the board-specific linker script */
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_UPPER_CODE /* by scsuh */
	mem_malloc_init (CFG_UBOOT_BASE + CFG_UBOOT_SIZE - CFG_MALLOC_LEN - CFG_STACK_SIZE);
#else
	mem_malloc_init (_armboot_start - CFG_MALLOC_LEN);
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_SMDK6400) || defined(CONFIG_SMDK6410) || defined(CONFIG_SMDK6430) || defined(CONFIG_SMDK2450) || defined(CONFIG_SMDK2416) || \
defined(CONFIG_MINI6410)

#if defined(CONFIG_NAND)
	puts ("NAND:    ");
	nand_init();		/* go init the NAND */
	NAND_Init();
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_ONENAND)
	puts ("OneNAND: ");
	onenand_init();		/* go init the One-NAND */
#endif

#if defined(CONFIG_BOOT_MOVINAND)
	puts ("MMC:     ");

	if ((0x24564236 == magic[0]) && (0x20764316 == magic[1])) {
		printf("Boot up for burning\n");
	} else {
		movi_set_capacity();
		movi_set_ofs(MOVI_TOTAL_BLKCNT);
		movi_init();
	}
#endif

#else

#if (CONFIG_COMMANDS & CFG_CMD_NAND)
	puts ("NAND:    ");
	nand_init();		/* go init the NAND */
#endif

#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_DATAFLASH
	AT91F_DataflashInit();
	dataflash_print_info();
#endif

	/* initialize environment */
	env_relocate ();

#ifdef CONFIG_VFD
	/* must do this after the framebuffer is allocated */
	drv_vfd_init();
#endif /* CONFIG_VFD */

	/* IP Address */
	gd->bd->bi_ip_addr = getenv_IPaddr ("ipaddr");

	/* MAC Address */
	{
		int i;
		ulong reg;
		char *s, *e;
		char tmp[64];

		i = getenv_r ("ethaddr", tmp, sizeof (tmp));
		s = (i > 0) ? tmp : NULL;

		for (reg = 0; reg < 6; ++reg) {
			gd->bd->bi_enetaddr[reg] = s ? simple_strtoul (s, &e, 16) : 0;
			if (s)
				s = (*e) ? e + 1 : e;
		}

#ifdef CONFIG_HAS_ETH1
		i = getenv_r ("eth1addr", tmp, sizeof (tmp));
		s = (i > 0) ? tmp : NULL;

		for (reg = 0; reg &