指针数组、数组指针与指针函数

1、关于数组指针：就是指向数组的指针，有点像二维数组
关于数组指针的声明
关于数组指针的内存分配、释放
关于数组指针的赋值

#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>

using namespace std;

void main()
{
	int a = 99;
	//声明一个数组指针
	int(*p)[5] = NULL;

	//给指针分配内存
	p = (int(*)[5])malloc(20);

	//给数组指针赋值
	p[0][0] = a;
	cout << p[0][0] << endl;
	cout << "p[0][0]的地址: " << &p[0][0] << endl;
	cout << "p[0]的地址: " << &p[0] << endl;
	cout << "p[1]的地址: " << &p[1] << endl;

	free(p);

	system("pause");
	return;
}

结果

可以看出p[0]与p[1]间相差20个字节

2、指针数组，就是有一组相同类型的指针组成的数组
指针数组的声明、内存分配、赋值方式

#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>

using namespace std;



void main()
{
	int a = 99;
	//声明一个数组指针
	int(*p)[5] = NULL;

	int bb[4] = { 11,22,33,44 };

	//声明一个指针数组
	int *arr[4] = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };

	arr[0] = (int*)malloc(20);
	arr[1] = (int*)malloc(20);
	arr[2] = (int*)malloc(20);
	arr[3] = (int*)malloc(20);

	cout << arr[0] << endl;//输出的其实是地址
	cout << arr[1] << endl;
	cout << arr[2] << endl;
	cout << arr[3] << endl;

	//给指针数组赋值，两种方法：一种是让指针指向一块新的内存
	*arr[0] = 99;
	*arr[1] = 88;
	*arr[2] = 77;
	*arr[3] = 66;

	cout << arr[0] << ": " << *arr[0] << endl;
	cout << arr[1] << ": " << *arr[1] << endl;
	cout << arr[2] << ": " << *arr[2] << endl;
	cout << arr[3] << ": " << *arr[3] << endl;
	
	free(arr[0]);
	free(arr[1]);
	free(arr[2]);
	free(arr[3]);
	
	//一种是往内存上面赋值，
	arr[0] = &bb[0];
	arr[1] = &bb[1];
	arr[2] = &bb[2];
	arr[3] = &bb[3];

	cout << arr[0] << ": " << *arr[0] << endl;
	cout << arr[1] << ": " << *arr[1] << endl;
	cout << arr[2] << ": " << *arr[2] << endl;
	cout << arr[3] << ": " << *arr[3] << endl;
	
	//给指针分配内存
	p = (int(*)[5])malloc(20);

	//给数组指针赋值
	p[0][0] = a;
	cout << p[0][0] << endl;
	cout << "p[0][0]的地址: " << &p[0][0] << endl;
	cout << "p[0]的地址: " << &p[0] << endl;
	cout << "p[1]的地址: " << &p[1] << endl;

	free(p);

	system("pause");
	return;
}

3、指针函数：返回值是指针的函数

struct Movie
{
	char name[20];
	int  num;
	int *data;
};
struct Content
{
	int member;
};

#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>
#include"416.h"

using namespace std;

Movie movies[] =
{
	{ "Jackson",1,NULL },
	{ "Apple",2,NULL },
	{ "Jay",3,NULL },
	{ "TT",4,NULL },
	{ "PGone",5,NULL }
};

Content Fillers[] =
{
	{ 111 },
	{ 333 },
	{ 555 },
	{ 777 },
	{ 999 },
	{ 000 },
	{ 222 },
	{ 444 },
	{ 666 }

};

int *getSum(int num)
{	
	int sum = 0;
	int *p = NULL;

	for (int i = 0; i < num; i++)
	{
		sum += Fillers[i].member;
	}

	p = &sum;

	return p;

}



void main()
{
	int number = 0;
	int *a = NULL;
	//声明一个数组指针
	int(*p)[5] = NULL;

	int bb[4] = { 11,22,33,44 };

	//声明一个指针数组
	int *arr[4] = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };

	arr[0] = (int*)malloc(20);
	arr[1] = (int*)malloc(20);
	arr[2] = (int*)malloc(20);
	arr[3] = (int*)malloc(20);

	number = sizeof(Fillers) / sizeof(Content);

	a = getSum(number);

	cout << "Filler 中所有元素的和： " << *a << endl;

	cout << arr[0] << endl;//输出的其实是地址
	cout << arr[1] << endl;
	cout << arr[2] << endl;
	cout << arr[3] << endl;



	//给指针数组赋值，两种方法：一种是让指针指向一块新的内存
	*arr[0] = 99;
	*arr[1] = 88;
	*arr[2] = 77;
	*arr[3] = 66;

	cout << arr[0] << ": " << *arr[0] << endl;
	cout << arr[1] << ": " << *arr[1] << endl;
	cout << arr[2] << ": " << *arr[2] << endl;
	cout << arr[3] << ": " << *arr[3] << endl;

	free(arr[0]);
	free(arr[1]);
	free(arr[2]);
	free(arr[3]);



	//一种是往内存上面赋值，
	arr[0] = &bb[0];
	arr[1] = &bb[1];
	arr[2] = &bb[2];
	arr[3] = &bb[3];

	cout << arr[0] << ": " << *arr[0] << endl;
	cout << arr[1] << ": " << *arr[1] << endl;
	cout << arr[2] << ": " << *arr[2] << endl;
	cout << arr[3] << ": " << *arr[3] << endl;
	
	//给指针分配内存
	p = (int(*)[5])malloc(20);

	//给数组指针赋值
	p[0][0] = *a;
	cout << p[0][0] << endl;
	cout << "p[0][0]的地址: " << &p[0][0] << endl;
	cout << "p[0]的地址: " << &p[0] << endl;
	cout << "p[1]的地址: " << &p[1] << endl;

	free(p);

	system("pause");
	return;
}