C++ ：学习Proxy Class之笔记2

依然是对more effective c＋＋条款30－Proxy Class的学习笔记。

#include
using namespace std;

template
class Array
{
public:
 class Proxy
 {
 public:
  Proxy(Array& array, int index)
   : theArray(array), itemIndex(index)
  {}

  Proxy& operator = (const T& rhs)
  {
   theArray.array[itemIndex] = rhs;
   return *this;
  }
  operator T() const
  {
   return theArray.array[itemIndex];
  }

  friend ostream& operator<< (ostream& os, const Proxy& rhs)
  { 
   os << rhs.theArray[rhs.itemIndex];
 
   return os;
  }

 private:
  Array& theArray;
  int itemIndex;
 };

 const Proxy operator[](int index) const;
 Proxy operator[](int index);

 friend class Proxy;
 Array(int dim);
 ~Array();

private:
 T* array;
};

template
Array ::Array(int dim)
{
 array = new T[dim];
}

template
Array ::~Array()
{
 delete [] array;
}

template
Array ::Proxy Array ::operator[](int index)
{
 return Proxy(*this, index);
}

template
const Array ::Proxy Array ::operator [] (int index) const
{
 return Proxy(const_cast(*this), index);
}

class Rational
{
public:
 Rational(int numerator = 0, int denominator = 1);
 int numerator() const;
 int denominator() const;
 Rational& operator= (const Rational& rhs);
 friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Rational& rhs);

public:
 int num;
 int deno;
};

Rational::Rational(int numerator, int denominator)
: num(numerator), deno(denominator)
{
 std::cout << "Rational Construct" << std::endl;
}

int Rational::numerator() const
{
 std::cout << "numerator: " << num <
 return 0;
}

int Rational::denominator() const
{
 std::cout << "denominator: " << deno << std::endl;
 return 0;
}

Rational& Rational::operator = (const Rational& rhs)
{
 num = rhs.num;
 deno = rhs.deno;
 return *this;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Rational& rhs)
{
 os << rhs.num << " " << rhs.deno;
 return os;
}

int main()
{
 Array a(5);
 a[1].numerator();          // 错误
}

之所以出现错误的原因是：operator[] 返回一个代理对象而不是实际的Rational对象。但成员函数numerator()和denominator()只存在于Rational对象上，而不是其代理对象。

但是我想，为什么编译器在这里不调用隐式转换函数

  operator T() const
  {
   return theArray.array[itemIndex];
  }

呢？如果调用了，那么错误也就应该不会出现了

一个简单的解决办法是

int main()
{
 Array a(5);
 (( Rational ) a[1] ).numerator();  
}