QT 多线程编程系列6：多线程，通过信号与主线程通信

0. 程序介绍：

这是Qt5.9教案中的骰子多线程第一个例子

1.运行结果

2.工程文件

#-------------------------------------------------
#
# Project created by QtCreator 2023-04-12T18:49:44
#
#-------------------------------------------------

QT       += core gui

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

TARGET = DiceThread
TEMPLATE = app

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any feature of Qt which has been marked as deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if you use deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

CONFIG += c++11

SOURCES += \
        main.cpp \
        dialog.cpp \
        qdicethread.cpp

HEADERS += \
        dialog.h \
        qdicethread.h

FORMS += \
        dialog.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target

RESOURCES += \
    res.qrc

 3. 子线程类

头文件

#ifndef QDICETHREAD_H
#define QDICETHREAD_H

#include <QThread>

class QDiceThread : public QThread
{
    Q_OBJECT
private:
    int m_seq=0;
    int m_diceValue;
    bool m_Paused=true;
    bool m_stop = false;

protected:
    void run() Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

public:
    QDiceThread();

    void diceBegin();
    void dicePause();
    void stopThread();

signals:
    void newValue(int seq, int diceValue);
};

#endif // QDICETHREAD_H

实现文件

#include "qdicethread.h"
#include <QTime>

QDiceThread::QDiceThread()
{
}

void QDiceThread::diceBegin()
{ //开始掷骰子
    m_Paused=false;
}

void QDiceThread::dicePause()
{//暂停掷骰子
    m_Paused=true;
}

void QDiceThread::stopThread()
{//停止线程
    m_stop=true;
}

void QDiceThread::run()
{//线程任务
    m_stop=false;//启动线程时令m_stop=false
    m_seq=0; //掷骰子次数
    qsrand(QTime::currentTime().msec());//随机数初始化，qsrand是线程安全的

    while(!m_stop)//循环主体
    {
        if (!m_Paused)
        {
            m_diceValue=qrand(); //获取随机数
            m_diceValue=(m_diceValue % 6)+1;
            m_seq++;
            emit newValue(m_seq,m_diceValue);  //发射信号
        }
        msleep(500); //线程休眠500ms
    }

    quit();//相当于  exit(0),退出线程的事件循环
}

4.界面程序实现

#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H

#include <QDialog>

#include "qdicethread.h"

namespace Ui {
class Dialog;
}

class Dialog : public QDialog
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit Dialog(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~Dialog();

protected:
    void    closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event);

private slots:
    void on_btnStartThread_clicked();

    void on_btnDiceBegin_clicked();

    void on_btnDiceEnd_clicked();

    void on_btnStopThread_clicked();

    void on_btnClear_clicked();

    void    onthreadDice_started();
    void    onthreadDice_finished();
    void    onthreadDice_newValue(int seq, int diceValue);

private:
    Ui::Dialog *ui;

    QDiceThread   threadDice;



};

#endif // DIALOG_H

#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")

#include "dialog.h"
#include "ui_dialog.h"

Dialog::Dialog(QWidget *parent) :
    QDialog(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Dialog)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);

    connect(&threadDice,SIGNAL(started()),this,SLOT(onthreadDice_started()));
    connect(&threadDice,SIGNAL(finished()),this,SLOT(onthreadDice_finished()));

    connect(&threadDice,SIGNAL(newValue(int,int)),this,SLOT(onthreadDice_newValue(int,int)));
}

Dialog::~Dialog()
{
    delete ui;
}

void Dialog::on_btnStartThread_clicked()
{
    threadDice.start();

    ui->btnStartThread->setEnabled(false);
    ui->btnStopThread->setEnabled(true);

    ui->btnDiceBegin->setEnabled(true);
    ui->btnDiceEnd->setEnabled(false);
}

void Dialog::on_btnDiceBegin_clicked()
{
    threadDice.diceBegin();
    ui->btnDiceBegin->setEnabled(false);
    ui->btnDiceEnd->setEnabled(true);
}

void Dialog::on_btnDiceEnd_clicked()
{
    threadDice.dicePause();
    ui->btnDiceBegin->setEnabled(true);
    ui->btnDiceEnd->setEnabled(false);
}

void Dialog::on_btnStopThread_clicked()
{
    threadDice.stopThread();
    threadDice.wait();

    ui->btnStartThread->setEnabled(true);
    ui->btnStopThread->setEnabled(false);

    ui->btnDiceBegin->setEnabled(false);
    ui->btnDiceEnd->setEnabled(false);
}

void Dialog::on_btnClear_clicked()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
}

void Dialog::closeEvent(QCloseEvent *event)
{
    if (threadDice.isRunning())
    {
        threadDice.stopThread();
        threadDice.wait();
    }
    event->accept();
}

void Dialog::onthreadDice_started()
{//线程的started()信号的响应槽函数
    ui->LabA->setText("Thread状态：thread started");
}

void Dialog::onthreadDice_finished()
{//线程的 finished()信号的响应槽函数
    ui->LabA->setText("Thread状态：thread finished");
}

void Dialog::onthreadDice_newValue(int seq,int diceValue)
{//QDiceThread的newValue()信号的响应槽函数，显示骰子次数和点数
    QString  str=QString::asprintf("第 %d 次掷骰子，点数为：%d",seq,diceValue);
    ui->plainTextEdit->appendPlainText(str);

    QPixmap pic; //图片显示
    QString filename=QString::asprintf(":/dice/images/d%d.jpg",diceValue);
    pic.load(filename);
    ui->LabPic->setPixmap(pic);
}

5、主程序

#include "dialog.h"
#include <QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    Dialog w;
    w.show();

    return a.exec();
}