按日统计,销售情况例子

/*--示例

--出处:邹建

在代码中，首先定义了一个最简单的出入库数据记录明细表（tb），用来记录每笔出入库的交易情况。
明细帐查询要求得到每种Item每天的期初数量、当天进货数、进货退回数、出货数、出货退回数及当天结余数。
--*/

--明细帐数据
CREATE TABLE tb(
ID int IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
Item varchar(10),  --产品编号
Quantity int,      --交易数量
Flag bit,          --交易标志,1代表入库,0代表出库,这样可以有效区分退货(负数)
Date datetime)     --交易日期
INSERT tb SELECT 'aa',100,1,'2005-1-1'
UNION ALL SELECT 'aa',90 ,1,'2005-2-1'
UNION ALL SELECT 'aa',55 ,0,'2005-2-1'
UNION ALL SELECT 'aa',-10,1,'2005-2-2'
UNION ALL SELECT 'aa',-5 ,0,'2005-2-3'
UNION ALL SELECT 'aa',200,1,'2005-2-2'
UNION ALL SELECT 'aa',90 ,1,'2005-2-1'
UNION ALL SELECT 'bb',95 ,1,'2005-2-2'
UNION ALL SELECT 'bb',65 ,0,'2005-2-3'
UNION ALL SELECT 'bb',-15,1,'2005-2-5'
UNION ALL SELECT 'bb',-20,0,'2005-2-5'
UNION ALL SELECT 'bb',100,1,'2005-2-7'
UNION ALL SELECT 'cc',100,1,'2005-1-7'
GO

--select * from TB

--结果

ID          Item       Quantity    Flag Date                                                  
----------- ---------- ----------- ---- ------------------------------------------------------
1           aa         100         1    2005-01-01 00:00:00.000
2           aa         90          1    2005-02-01 00:00:00.000
3           aa         55          0    2005-02-01 00:00:00.000
4           aa         -10         1    2005-02-02 00:00:00.000
5           aa         -5          0    2005-02-03 00:00:00.000
6           aa         200         1    2005-02-02 00:00:00.000
7           aa         90          1    2005-02-01 00:00:00.000
8           bb         95          1    2005-02-02 00:00:00.000
9           bb         65          0    2005-02-03 00:00:00.000
10          bb         -15         1    2005-02-05 00:00:00.000
11          bb         -20         0    2005-02-05 00:00:00.000
12          bb         100         1    2005-02-07 00:00:00.000
13          cc         100         1    2005-01-07 00:00:00.000

--查询时间段定义
DECLARE @dt1 datetime,@dt2 datetime
SELECT @dt1='2005-2-1',@dt2='2005-2-10'

--查询
--统计时间段内无发生额的数据(如果这个不是查询需要的,去掉这段查询)
SELECT Item,
 Date=CONVERT(char(10),@dt1,120), 
 Opening=SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=1 THEN Quantity ELSE -Quantity END),
 [IN]=0,
 [IN_Retrun]=0,
 [OUT]=0,
 [OUT_Return]=0,
 Balance=SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=1 THEN Quantity ELSE -Quantity END)
FROM tb a
WHERE Date<@dt1 AND NOT EXISTS(
 SELECT * FROM tb WHERE Item=a.Item AND Date>@dt1 AND Date<DATEADD(Day,1,@dt2))
GROUP BY Item
UNION ALL
--指定时间段内有交易发生的数据
SELECT Item,
 Date=CONVERT(char(10),Date,120), 
 Opening=ISNULL((SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=1 THEN Quantity ELSE -Quantity END)
  FROM tb WHERE Item=a.Item AND Date<MIN(a.Date)),0),
 [IN]=ISNULL(SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=1 AND Quantity>0 THEN Quantity END),0),
 [IN_Retrun]=ISNULL(SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=1 AND Quantity<0 THEN -Quantity END),0),
 [OUT]=ISNULL(SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=0 AND Quantity>0 THEN Quantity END),0),
 [OUT_Return]=ISNULL(SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=0 AND Quantity<0 THEN -Quantity END),0),
 Balance=ISNULL((SELECT SUM(CASE WHEN Flag=1 THEN Quantity ELSE -Quantity END)
  FROM tb WHERE Item=a.Item AND Date<=MAX(a.Date)),0)
FROM tb a
WHERE Date>=@dt1 AND Date<DATEADD(Day,1,@dt2)
GROUP BY CONVERT(char(10),Date,120),Item
ORDER BY Item,Date

--结果

Item       Date       Opening     IN          IN_Retrun   OUT         OUT_Return  Balance    
---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
aa         2005-02-01 100         180         0           55          0           225
aa         2005-02-02 225         200         10          0           0           415
aa         2005-02-03 415         0           0           0           5           420
bb         2005-02-02 0           95          0           0           0           95
bb         2005-02-03 95          0           0           65          0           30
bb         2005-02-05 30          0           15          0           20          35
bb         2005-02-07 35          100         0           0           0           135
cc         2005-02-01 100         0           0           0           0           100

（所影响的行数为 8 行）