【LeetCode】207. Course Schedule

207. Course Schedule

Description：
There are a total of n courses you have to take, labeled from 0 to n-1.
Some courses may have prerequisites, for example to take course 0 you have to first take course 1, which is expressed as a pair: [0,1]
Given the total number of courses and a list of prerequisite pairs, is it possible for you to finish all courses?
Difficulty：Medium
Example:

Input: 2, [[1,0],[0,1]]
Output: false
Explanation: There are a total of 2 courses to take. 
             To take course 1 you should have finished course 0, and to take course 0 you should
             also have finished course 1. So it is impossible.

方法1：拓扑排序，深度搜索

• Time complexity : $O\left(\right)$
• Space complexity : $O\left(\right)$
  思路：
  建图，以及配套的出度，找出度为0的节点，没有之间返回false，有的话置为-1，并将其上游的出度都减1，再次寻找出度为0的节点，如果到最后都没有返回false，此时返回true。

class Solution {
public:
    bool canFinish(int numCourses, vector<pair<int, int>>& prerequisites) {
        vector<unordered_set<int>> graph(numCourses);
        vector<int> degrees(numCourses, 0);
        for(auto p : prerequisites){
            graph[p.second].insert(p.first);
            degrees[p.first]++;
        }
        for(int i = 0; i < numCourses; i++){
            int j = 0;
            for(; j < numCourses; j++)
                if(!degrees[j]) break;
            degrees[j] = -1;        
            if(j == numCourses) return false;
            for(auto n : graph[j])
                degrees[n]--;
        }
        return true;
    }
};

方法2：拓扑排序，队列

• Time complexity : $O\left(\right)$
• Space complexity : $O\left(\right)$
  思路：
  建图，以及配套的出度，找出度为0的节点，将其push到队列中，如果没有就返回false，将其上游的出度减1，如果上游的出度为0再将其push进去，并将此节点pop出去。

class Solution {
public:
    bool canFinish(int numCourses, vector<pair<int, int>>& prerequisites) {
        vector<unordered_set<int>> graph(numCourses);
        vector<int> degrees(numCourses, 0);
        for(auto p : prerequisites){
            graph[p.second].insert(p.first);
            degrees[p.first]++;
        }
        queue<int> Q;
        for(int i = 0;i < numCourses;i++)
            if(degrees[i] == 0)
                Q.push(i);
        int counter = 0;
        while(!Q.empty())
        {
            int u = Q.front();
            Q.pop();
            ++counter;
            for(auto v : graph[u])
            {
                if(--degrees[v] == 0)
                    Q.push(v);
            }
        }
        return counter == numCourses;
    }
};