笔者是一个普通不能再普通的程序员，本着出处兴趣，花时间研究了一下，想实现手机的悬浮窗语音识别功能，这样不影响自己其它操作的，语音识别技术是用百度云语音sdk，应该不难实现，很难实现就是核心语音识别技术了，这是大数据上运用来的没错，有空再去研究一下大数据。
切入正题，先弄一个页面activity_main.xml，布局如下图，需要一个按钮用来开启或关闭悬浮框，其中的输入框是输入密码用的，类似解锁使用功能
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/linearLayout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:orientation="horizontal"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent">
<Button
android:id="@+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Test" />
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="Test Voice" />
</LinearLayout>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/showState"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="center"
android:text="TextView" />
<ScrollView
android:id="@+id/scrollView"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/linearLayout"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/showState">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/showMsg"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!" />
<EditText
android:id="@+id/editText"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:ems="10"
android:inputType="textPassword" />
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
接下来，就是MainActivity.class页面的交互逻辑实现，贴上代码
package com.example.voiceapplication;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private Handler mHandler = null;
private EditText editText;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mHandler = new Handler();
this.editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText);
Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// create2();
}
}, 1000 * 3);
}
});
Button button1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
button1.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String pwd = editText.getText().toString();
if (!pwd.equals("wx zs1026")) {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "密码错误！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return;
}
//TODO: 此方案在模拟器上正常，在真机上会闪退
//create3();
//TODO: 此方案比上个好多了，可以提示获取权限
create4();
}
});
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
}
/**
* 详解Android 全局弹出对话框SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW权限
* 发布时：2019/7/7 22:08:19
* http://www.zyiz.net/tech/detail-63251.html
* https://www.cnblogs.com/mengdd/p/3824782.html
* */
void create3() {
WindowUtils.showPopupWindow(MainActivity.this);
}
/**
* Android 8.0完美适配全局dialog 悬浮窗弹出
* https://www.jianshu.com/p/78953f3c07d5
* */
void create4() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (Settings.canDrawOverlays(MainActivity.this)) {
//TODO: 没有说明MainService.class 具体实现方式，据说是 Service 上 创建 一个全局dialog？
// Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MainService.class);
// startService(intent);
create3();
// finish();
} else {
//若没有权限，提示获取.
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_OVERLAY_PERMISSION);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"需要取得权限以使用悬浮窗",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
startActivity(intent);
}
}else {
//SDK在23以下，不用管.
// Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, MainService.class);
// startService(intent);
create3();
// finish();
}
}
}
然后，弄一个悬浮框的页面popupwindow.xml，布局如下图，只有一个标题和展示消息的，精简就好，不需要添加过多，因为悬浮框不能过大，过大容易遮挡后面的操作的
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="300dp"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:alpha="0.7"
android:background="#0E0E0E"
android:clickable="false"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical">
<RelativeLayout
android:id="@+id/popup_window"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/header"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/footer"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/dialog_content_padding_side"
android:paddingRight="@dimen/dialog_content_padding_side"
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/dialog_content_padding_bottom">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/title"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:text="@string/default_title"
android:textColor="@color/dialog_title_text_color"
android:textSize="@dimen/dialog_title_text_size" />
</LinearLayout>
<View
android:id="@+id/title_divider"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="2dp"
android:background="@color/black" />
</LinearLayout>
<ScrollView
android:id="@+id/miniScrolView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_below="@+id/header">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:id="@+id/content"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:padding="@dimen/dialog_content_padding_side"
android:text="@string/default_content"
android:textColor="@color/dialog_content_text_color"
android:textSize="@dimen/dialog_content_text_size" />
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</RelativeLayout>
</FrameLayout>
接着，实现悬浮框的逻辑，文件是WindowUtils.class，这个就稍微复杂一点儿，贴上代码，这个只要悬浮框一出现，就会自动开启语音识别对吧，一旦关闭，语音识别也就关闭了，需要的就是长语音识别功能
package com.example.voiceapplication;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.graphics.Point;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.os.Build;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewTreeObserver;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.ScrollView;
import android.widget.TextView;
public class WindowUtils {
private static final String LOG_TAG = "WindowUtils";
private static View mView = null;
private static WindowManager mWindowManager = null;
private static Context mContext = null;
public static Boolean isShown = false;
private static VoiceMode voice = null;
/**
* 显示弹出框
*
* @param context
*/
public static void showPopupWindow(final Context context) {
if (isShown) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "return cause already shown");
hidePopupWindow();
return;
}
isShown = true;
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "showPopupWindow");
// 获取应用的Context
mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
voice = new VoiceMode(mContext, new VoiceMode.Listener() {
@Override
public void state(String text) {
updateTitle(text);
}
@Override
public void append(String text) {
}
@Override
public void update(String text) {
updateContent(text,true);
}
});
// 获取WindowManager
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
mView = setUpView(context);
final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
// 类型
// params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;
//设置弹出全局对话框，但是这句话并不能解决在android的其他手机上能弹出来（例如用户华为p10 就无法弹框）
// WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT
//只有这样才能弹框
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>=26) {//8.0新特性
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY;
}else{
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ALERT;
}
// 设置flag
// int flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM;
// int flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE;
int flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL;
// FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL不阻塞事件传递到后面的窗口
// 设置 FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE 悬浮窗口较小时，后面的应用图标由不可长按变为可长按
// 不设置这个flag的话，home页的划屏会有问题
// 如果设置了WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE，弹出的View收不到Back键的事件
params.flags = flags;
// 不设置这个弹出框的透明遮罩显示为黑色
params.format = PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT;
Point p = new Point();
//获取窗口管理器
WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
wm.getDefaultDisplay().getSize(p);
int screenWidth = p.x; // 屏幕宽度
int screenHeight = p.y;
params.width = (int) Math.round(screenWidth*0.5);
params.height = (int) Math.round(screenHeight*0.4);
// params.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
// params.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
// params.x = 10;
// params.y = 10;
params.gravity = Gravity.TOP;
mWindowManager.addView(mView, params);
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "add view");
voice.start();
}
/**
* 隐藏弹出框
*/
public static void hidePopupWindow() {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "hide " + isShown + ", " + mView);
if (isShown && null != mView) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "hidePopupWindow");
mWindowManager.removeView(mView);
isShown = false;
voice.destory();
}
}
private static TextView showContent=null;
private static TextView showTitle=null;
public static void updateTitle(String title) {
if (showTitle==null) return;
showTitle.setText(title);
}
public static void updateContent(String content, Boolean isReset) {
if (showContent==null) return;
if (isReset==true) showContent.setText("");
showContent.append(content);
}
private static View setUpView(final Context context) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "setUp view");
View view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.popupwindow, null);
showContent = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.content);
showTitle = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.title);
final ScrollView scrollView = (ScrollView) view.findViewById(R.id.miniScrolView);
//scrollview自动滚动到底部,
//转载 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39753616/article/details/117314708?utm_medium=distribute.pc_relevant.none-task-blog-2~default~baidujs_title~default-0.no_search_link&spm=1001.2101.3001.4242.1
scrollView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
@Override
public void onGlobalLayout() {
scrollView.post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
scrollView.fullScroll(View.FOCUS_DOWN);
}
});
}
});
// 点击窗口外部区域可消除
// 这点的实现主要将悬浮窗设置为全屏大小，外层有个透明背景，中间一部分视为内容区域
// 所以点击内容区域外部视为点击悬浮窗外部
// final View popupWindowView = view.findViewById(R.id.popup_window);// 非透明的内容区域
view.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "onTouch");
int x = (int) event.getX();
int y = (int) event.getY();
Rect rect = new Rect();
// popupWindowView.getGlobalVisibleRect(rect);
// if (!rect.contains(x, y)) {
// WindowUtils.hidePopupWindow();
// }
LogUtil.i(LOG_TAG, "onTouch : " + x + ", " + y + ", rect: " + rect);
// ((Activity) mContext).dispatchTouchEvent(event);
return false;
}
});
return view;
}
}
还有一个是调用语音识别sdk，上面有个类VoiceMode.class，贴上代码，具体调用方式在里面了
package com.example.voiceapplication;
import android.content.Context;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.baidu.speech.EventListener;
import com.baidu.speech.EventManager;
import com.baidu.speech.EventManagerFactory;
import com.baidu.speech.asr.SpeechConstant;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
public class VoiceMode {
private Boolean isWork = false;
private EventManager asr = null;
private EventListener listener;
private Context context;
private Listener callback;
int c = 1;
private String cache = "";
private String word = "";
public interface Listener {
/**
* 系统提示：
* */
void state(String text);
void append(String text);
/**
* 识别结果
* */
void update(String text);
}
public VoiceMode(Context context, Listener cb) {
this.context = context;
this.callback = cb;
this.asr = EventManagerFactory.create(context, "asr");
this.listener = new EventListener()
{
@Override
public void onEvent(String name, String params, byte[] bytes, int i, int i1) {
String result=null;
switch (name){
case SpeechConstant.CALLBACK_EVENT_ASR_READY:
{
// 引擎就绪，可以说话，一般在收到此事件后通过UI通知用户可以说话了
result = "可以说话了";
callback.state(result);
}
break;
case SpeechConstant.CALLBACK_EVENT_ASR_PARTIAL:
{
// 一句话的临时结果，最终结果及语义结果
result = "一句话最终结果";// + params;
callback.state(result);
try {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(params);
int errCode = obj.getInt("error");
if (errCode>0) {
String desc = obj.getString("desc");
result += "errorCode:" + errCode+ ", desc:" + desc;
int subError = obj.getInt("sub_error");
if (subError>0) {
result += ", subError:"+subError;
}
word = result;
} else {
result = obj.getString("best_result");
word = result;
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
word = ">>>有错误！";
// return;
}
callback.update(cache+word);
}
break;
case SpeechConstant.CALLBACK_EVENT_ASR_FINISH:
{
result = "一句话识别结束";// "\n" + params;
callback.state(result);
try {
JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(params);
int errCode = obj.getInt("error");
if (errCode>0) {
String desc = obj.getString("desc");
result += "errorCode:" + errCode+ ", desc:" + desc;
int subError = obj.getInt("sub_error");
if (subError>0) {
result += ", subError:"+subError;
}
word = result;
}
else {
if (cache=="") cache += word;
else cache = cache +"\n"+word;
callback.update(cache);
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
result += "\n 有错误！";
word = result;
callback.update(cache+word);
}
}
break;
case SpeechConstant.CALLBACK_EVENT_ASR_EXIT:
{
result = "识别结束，资源释放";// \n" + params;
isWork = false;
callback.state(result);
}
break;
case SpeechConstant.CALLBACK_EVENT_ASR_ERROR:
{
result = "出现错误\n" + params;
callback.state(result);
}
break;
default:
{
// ... 支持的输出事件和事件支持的事件参数见“输入和输出参数”一节
result = "输入和输出参数\n"+params;
callback.state(result);
}
if (params!=null) {
// LogUtil.i("Result", params);
//{"results_recognition":["哈喽，"],"result_type":"final_result","best_result":"哈喽，","origin_result":{"corpus_no":7037130879383025219,"err_no":0,"result":{"word":["哈喽，"]},"sn":"78ae2481-0a5c-4c18-a8e4-cf42590fe8d5_s-0"},"error":0}
}
}
}
};
asr.registerListener(listener);
}
public void start() {
if (this.asr!=null && this.listener!=null) {} else {
return;
}
if (isWork) {
asr.send(SpeechConstant.ASR_STOP, null, null, 0, 0);
//发送停止录音事件，提前结束录音等待识别结果
isWork = false;
Toast.makeText(context, "Stop Work.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else {
//Map String,Object 转换成 JSONObject 数据
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("accept-audio-data",false);
map.put("disable-punctuation",false);
//1837 四川话
map.put("pid",1837);
//开启长语音识别功能，此时VAD参数不能设为touch；长语音可以识别数小时的音频。注意选输入法模型。
//
//BDS_ASR_ENABLE_LONG_SPEECH= true 或 VAD_ENDPOINT_TIMEOUT = 0 都可以开启长语音
//{"enable.long.speech":true,"accept-audio-volume":false}
//或
//{"accept-audio-volume":false,"vad.endpoint-timeout":0}
map.put("accept-audio-volume",false);
map.put("vad.endpoint-timeout",0);
// map.put();
String json = map.toString();
asr.send(SpeechConstant.ASR_START, json, null, 0, 0);
isWork = true;
Toast.makeText(context, "Working...", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
public void destory() {
if (this.asr!=null && this.listener!=null) {
if (this.isWork) {
asr.send(SpeechConstant.ASR_CANCEL, null, null, 0, 0); // 取消识别
}
asr.unregisterListener(this.listener); //释放资源
this.listener = null;
this.asr = null;
}
}
}
接着，关键代码是下面这个，调用语音识别SDK的，这里不提供，需要的话去百度云语音识别那下载Android SDK来用，有带说明文档可以看看，有免费试用的
this.asr = EventManagerFactory.create(context, “asr”);
很详细了吧，上面照着做完，编译运行没问题的话，运行效果会如同下图这样的，OK，作业完成了，撒花~
| 图1，打开效果 | 图2，一直运行 |
|---|---|
 |  |
哦，对了，悬浮窗拖动效果还没有实现，容我偷个懒吧，这里就不讲啦~~,有帮助的话，请给一点赞，鼓励一下哦~
写到最后，特别感谢以下作者提供解决方案：
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