516. Longest Palindromic Subsequence

Given a string s, find the longest palindromic subsequence's length in s. You may assume that the maximum length of s is 1000.

Example 1:
Input: 

"bbbab"

Output: 

4

One possible longest palindromic subsequence is "bbbb".

Example 2:
Input:

"cbbd"

Output:

2

One possible longest palindromic subsequence is "bb".

用DP的思路解题：

dp[i][j]: the longest palindromic subsequence's length of substring(i, j)
State transition:
dp[i][j] = dp[i+1][j-1] + 2 if s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(j)
otherwise, dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i+1][j], dp[i][j-1])
Initialization: dp[i][i] = 1

代码如下：

public class Solution {
    public int longestPalindromeSubseq(String s) {
        int[][] dp = new int[s.length()][s.length()];
        
        for (int i = s.length() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            dp[i][i] = 1;
            for (int j = i+1; j < s.length(); j++) {
                if (s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(j)) {
                    dp[i][j] = dp[i+1][j-1] + 2;
                } else {
                    dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i+1][j], dp[i][j-1]);
                }
            }
        }
        return dp[0][s.length()-1];
    }
}

还有递归的方法，代码如下：

public class Solution {
    public int longestPalindromeSubseq(String s) {
        return helper(s, 0, s.length() - 1, new Integer[s.length()][s.length()]);
    }
    
    private int helper(String s, int i, int j, Integer[][] memo) {
        if (memo[i][j] != null) {
            return memo[i][j];
        }
        if (i > j)      return 0;
        if (i == j)     return 1;
        
        if (s.charAt(i) == s.charAt(j)) {
            memo[i][j] = helper(s, i + 1, j - 1, memo) + 2;
        } else {
            memo[i][j] = Math.max(helper(s, i + 1, j, memo), helper(s, i, j - 1, memo));
        }
        return memo[i][j];
    }
}