python中super的用法

super()方法的漂亮之处在于，你不需要在定义子类构造器时，明确的指定子类的基类并显式的调用，即不需要明确的提供父类，这样做的好处就是，如果你改变了继承的父类，你只需要修改一行代码（class代码行），而不需要在大量代码中去查找那个要修改的基类。另外一方面代码的可移植性和重用性也更高。
1、单继承

class FooParent(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.parent = 'I\'m the parent.'
        print ('Parent')
    
    def bar(self,message):
        print (message,'from Parent')
 
class FooChild(FooParent):
    def __init__(self):
        super(FooChild,self).__init__()
        print ('Child')
        
    def bar(self,message):
        super(FooChild, self).bar(message)
        print ('Child bar fuction')
        print (self.parent)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    fooChild = FooChild()
    fooChild.bar('HelloWorld')

答案是：

Parent
Child
HelloWorld from Parent
Child bar fuction
I'm the parent.

2、多继承

class A:
    def __init__(self):
        #print(super())
        print("Enter A")
        print("Leave A")

class B(A):
    def __init__(self):
        print("Enter B")
        #print(super())
        super().__init__()
        print("Leave B")

# single = B()
# print(B.mro())
class C(A):
    def __init__(self):
        print("Enter C")
        print(super())
        super().__init__()
        print("Leave C")


class D(B,C):
    def __init__(self):
        print("Enter D")
        #print(super())
        super().__init__()
        print("Leave D")

D()
print(D.mro())

结果：

Enter D
Enter B
Enter C
<super: <class 'C'>, <D object>>
Enter A
Leave A
Leave C
Leave B
Leave D
[<class '__main__.D'>, <class '__main__.B'>, <class '__main__.C'>, <class '__main__.A'>, <class 'object'>]