c++11 学习及测试（emplace_back实现方式 数学分布 正则表达式）

可变长度参数列表，参数原始类型转发（emplace_back实现方式）

#include <iostream>
#include <utility>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

template<typename T, typename ... Args>
T make(T, Args&& ... rest) {                //模版参数列表，右值引用调用构造函数
    cout << sizeof...(rest) << endl;
    return T(std::forward<Args>(rest) ... ); //按原始类型转发扩展参数，emplace函数的事项方式
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    string x;
    string s = make(x, 10, 'c');
    cout << s << endl;

    vector<string> v;
    v.emplace_back(10, 'c');
    cout << v[0] << endl;
    cout << "Hello world!" << endl;

    return 0;
}

按分布采样

#include <iostream>
#include <random>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    default_random_engine e(time(0));
    for(int i =0; i < 10; ++i) {
        cout << e() << endl;
    }
    uniform_real_distribution<> u(0, 1);
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
        cout << u(e) << endl;
    }

    normal_distribution<> n(4, 1.5); //均值 标准差
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
        cout << n(e) << endl;
    }
    cout << "Hello world!" << endl;

    return 0;
}

正则表达式类

#include <iostream>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    regex r("[[:alnum:]]+\\.(cpp|cxx|cc)$", regex::icase);
    smatch results;
    string file;
//    regex_search("a.cc", results, r); // 编译错误，char* 对应cmatch, string 对应smatch
    cmatch res;
    regex_search("a.cc", res, r);
    while(cin >> file) {
        if(regex_search(file, results, r)) {
            cout << results.str() << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "error file name" << endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

正则表达式子匹配，迭代器

#include <iostream>
#include <regex>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    string pattern("([^c]ei)");
    pattern = "[[:alpha:]]*" + pattern + "[[:alpha:]]*";
    string file = "you are my freiNd, theif";
    regex r(pattern, regex::icase);
    for(sregex_iterator it(file.begin(), file.end(), r), end_it; it != end_it; ++it) {
        cout << it->str() << endl;
        cout << it->size() << endl;
        cout << it->prefix() << endl;
        cout << it->suffix() << endl;
        cout << it->length(1) << endl;
        cout << it->str(1) << endl;
        if((*it)[0].matched) {
            for(auto jt = (*it)[0].first; jt != (*it)[0].second; ++jt) {
                cout << "[" << *jt << "]" << endl;
            }
        }
    }

    string phone = "(\\()?(\\d{3})(\\))?([-. ])?(\\d{3})([-. ])?(\\d{4})";
    regex p(phone);
    string fmt = "$2.$5.$7";
    string s = "";
    s = s + "morgan (201) 555-2365 123-345-1234\n" +
                 "drew (123)123.1234\n" +
                 "lee (789) 999-0987 1234567890 900.000.0000";
    cout << regex_replace(s, p, fmt) << endl;

    cout << s << endl;
    return 0;
}