C++实践::Template实现Observer模式

难度：

用C++ template实现的通用Observer代码。本文并无神秘之处，template只是运用在对状态信息类型的泛化。过多的细节就没必要不讲了，我想各位看官比我更明白吧

/*

Design Pattern implementation with C++ template - Observer

Author: Jinhao

Data: 5/Jul/2004

*/

#ifndef _OBSERVER_H_

#define _OBSERVER_H_

#include<vector>

 

template<typename Msg>

struct helper;

 

template<typename Msg>

struct subject;

 

template<typename Msg>

class observer

{

     friend class helper<Msg>;

protected:

     observer():psbj_(NULL)

     {}

public:    

     virtual ~observer()

{

         if(psbj_)

             psbj_->detach(*this);

}

    

     virtual void update(const Msg&)=0;

private:

     subject<Msg>* psbj_;

};

 

template<typename Msg>

class subject

{

     friend class helper<Msg>;

public:

     virtual ~subject()

     {

         typename std::vector<observer<Msg>*>::iterator begin = obsvrvec_.begin();

         typename std::vector<observer<Msg>*>::iterator end = obsvrvec_.end();

        

         for(; begin!=end; ++begin)

                   helper<Msg>::attachtosubject(NULL, *begin);

     }

     void attach(observer<Msg>& rhs) //register

     {

           obsvrvec_.push_back(&rhs);

           helper<Msg>::attachtosubject(this, &rhs);

     }

 

     void detach(observer<Msg>& rhs) //unregister

     {

         typename std::vector<observer<Msg>*>::iterator matched = find(obsvrvec_.begin(), obsvrvec_.end(), &rhs);

         if(matched != obsvrvec_.end())

             obsvrvec_.erase(matched);

     }

    

     void notify() //notify all observers

     {

         typename std::vector<observer<Msg>*>::iterator begin = obsvrvec_.begin();

         typename std::vector<observer<Msg>*>::iterator end = obsvrvec_.end();

        

         for(; begin!=end; ++begin)

              (*begin)->update(message_);

     }

    

protected:

     Msg& message()

        {   return message_; }

       

     const Msg& message() const

        {   return message_; }

       

     void message(const Msg& rhs)

        {  message_ = rhs; }

private:

     Msg message_;

     std::vector<observer<Msg>*> obsvrvec_;

};

 

template<typename Msg>

struct helper

{

   static void attachtosubject(subject<Msg>* sbj, observer<Msg>* obsv)

       {   obsv->psbj_ = sbj;  }  

};

#endif //_OBSERVER_H_

 

下面是应用的示例代码

class ConcreteObserver1:public observer<string>

{

public:

    void update(const string& message)

        {  cout<<message<<endl;  }

};

 

class ConcreteObserver2:public observer<string>

{

public:

    void update(const string& message)

    {

        copy(message.rbegin(), message.rend(), ostream_iterator<string::value_type>(cout));

        cout<<endl;

    }

};

 

class ConcreteSubject:public subject<string>

{

public:

     void set(const string& str)

        {  message(str); }

};

 

int main()

{

    ConcreteSubject subject;

    ConcreteObserver1 o1;

    ConcreteObserver2 o2;

    subject.attach(o1);

    subject.attach(o2);

    subject.set("show me the money");

    subject.notify();

}