第九周上机实践项目1——复数类中的运算符重载（续）

在复数类中的运算符重载基础上
（1）再定义一目运算符 -，-c相当于0-c。
（2）定义Complex类中的<<和>>运算符的重载，实现输入和输出，改造原程序中对运算结果显示方式，使程序读起来更自然。

代码

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2015, 烟台大学计算机学院
 * All rights reserved.
 * 文件名称：test.cpp
 * 作    者：辛彬
 * 完成日期：2015 年 5 月 8 日
 * 版 本 号：v1.0
 */
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
    Complex()
    {
        real=0;
        imag=0;
    }
    Complex(double r,double i)
    {
        real=r;
        imag=i;
    }
    friend Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator+(const double a,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const double a);
    friend Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator-(const double a,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const double a);
    friend Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator*(const double a,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const double a);
    friend Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator/(const double a,const Complex &c2);
    friend Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const double a);
    Complex operator-();
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,const Complex&);
    friend istream& operator>>(istream&,Complex&);
private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};
//下面定义成员函数
Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);
}
Complex operator+(const double a,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex(a+c2.real,c2.imag);
}
Complex operator+(const Complex &c1,const double a)
{
    return Complex(a+c1.real,c1.imag);
}
Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex(c1.real-c2.real,c1.imag-c2.imag);
}
Complex operator-(const double a,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex(a-c2.real,-c2.imag);
}
Complex operator-(const Complex &c1,const double a)
{
    return Complex(c1.real-a,c1.imag);
}
Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex(c1.real*c2.real-c1.imag*c2.imag,c1.imag*c2.real+c1.real*c2.imag);
}
Complex operator*(const double a,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex(a*c2.real,a*c2.imag);
}
Complex operator*(const Complex &c1,const double a)
{
    return Complex(c1.real*a,c1.imag*a);
}
Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex((c1.real*c2.real+c1.imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag),(c1.imag*c2.real-c1.real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag));
}
Complex operator/(const double a,const Complex &c2)
{
    return Complex((a*c2.real)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag),(-a*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag));
}
Complex operator/(const Complex &c1,const double a)
{
    return Complex((c1.real*a)/(a*a),(c1.imag*a)/(a*a));
}
Complex Complex::operator-()
{
    Complex x;
    x.real=-real;
    x.imag=-imag;
    return x;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& out,const Complex& c)
{
    out<<"("<<c.real<<","<<c.imag<<"i)";
    return out;
}
istream& operator>>(istream& in,Complex& c)
{
    cout<<"输入实部和虚部:";
    in>>c.real>>c.imag;
    return in;
}
//下面定义用于测试的main()函数
int main()
{
    Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
    double a=1;
    cout<<"c1="<<c1<<"   "<<"c2="<<c2<<endl;
    cout<<"a=1"<<endl;
    c3=c1+c2;
    cout<<"c1+c2="<<c3<<endl;;
    c3=c1+a;
    cout<<"c1+a="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=a+c2;
    cout<<"a+c2="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=c1-c2;
    cout<<"c1-c2="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=a-c1;
    cout<<"a-c1="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=c1*c2;
    cout<<"c1*c2="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=a*c1;
    cout<<"a*c1="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=c1/c2;
    cout<<"c1/c2="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=c1/a;
    cout<<"c1/a="<<c3<<endl;
    c3=-c1;
    cout<<"-c1="<<c3;
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

学习感悟：输出和输入流的重载真是方便，不用再定义display函数了，省去了许多麻烦