利用mmap()操作硬件寄存器

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define BCM2708_PERI_BASE        0x20000000
#define GPIO_BASE                (BCM2708_PERI_BASE + 0x200000)
#define BLOCK_SIZE (4*1024)

volatile unsigned int *gpio;
void init_gpio(void)
{
int  mem_fd;
void *gpio_map;
/* open /dev/mem */
if ((mem_fd = open("/dev/mem", O_RDWR|O_SYNC) ) < 0) {
      printf("can't open /dev/mem \n");
      exit(-1);
   }
 /* mmap GPIO */
gpio_map = mmap(
      NULL, 
      BLOCK_SIZE,   
      PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
      MAP_SHARED,     
      mem_fd,          
      GPIO_BASE      
   );
close(mem_fd);
if (gpio_map == MAP_FAILED) {
      printf("mmap error %d\n", (int)gpio_map);
      exit(-1);
   }
   // Always use volatile pointer!
   gpio = (volatile unsigned int *)gpio_map;
} 

上面是树莓派操作gpio时的初始化。操作gpio变量相当于操作BCM2835的GPIO寄存器,具体可以参考BCM2835 C lib

BCM2835的datasheet可参看datasheet