PyQt5 - QWidgets部件进阶教程之行编辑

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-30 12:35:05 发布

LorgSher

最新推荐文章于 2023-11-30 12:35:05 发布

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分类专栏： PyQt 文章标签： pyqt PyQt5 Qt Python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/powerdoom/article/details/50879136

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导言
定义窗口类
- 最终代码
最终效果

导言

该案例所含的独立视窗类，包括了不同选择的行编辑，该选择有限制输入和显示属性，这可以通过复合框中的项进行选择更改。集中体现这些，是为了帮助开发者选择适合的属性用于行编辑，并使得容易比较每种用户输入验证的效果。

定义窗口类

Window类继承自QWidget，包含一个构造器和一些槽，当在符合框内选择一个新的验证器时，这些槽用于更新其类型。Window构造器用于设置行编辑、验证器和复合框，将复合框信号链接到类中的槽，并在布局中排列子部件。我们开始创建一个容纳标签的组合框、复合框和行编辑，这样我们就能演示QLineEdit.echoMode属性。

from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

import sys

class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Window, self).__init__()

        self.echoGroup = QGroupBox('Echo')
        self.echoLabel = QLabel('Mode:')
        self.echoComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('Normal')
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('Password')
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('PasswordEchoOnEdit')
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('No Echo')
        self.echoLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.echoLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')
        self.echoLineEdit.setFocus()

这里所有的部件都没有排列到布局，最终echoLabel、echoComboBox和echoLineEdit会放置到echoGroup的垂直布局。

下面我们构建组合框，并构建体现行编辑内容的QIntValidator和QDoubleValidator显示效果的部件集合。

        self.validatorGroup = QGroupBox('Validator')
        self.validatorLabel = QLabel('Type:')
        self.validatorComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.validatorComboBox.addItem('No validator')
        self.validatorComboBox.addItem('Integer validator')
        self.validatorComboBox.addItem('Double validator')
        self.validatorLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.validatorLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

文本对齐方式通过其他部件组演示

        self.alignmentGroup = QGroupBox('Alignment')
        self.alignmentLabel = QLabel('Type:')
        self.alignmentComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.alignmentComboBox.addItem('Left')
        self.alignmentComboBox.addItem('Centered')
        self.alignmentComboBox.addItem('Right')
        self.alignmentLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.alignmentLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

QLineEdit支持输入模板的使用，这只允许用户根据规范输入字符。我们构建一个部件组来演示预定义模板的选项。

        self.inputMaskGroup = QGroupBox('Input mask')
        self.inputMaskLabel = QLabel('Type:')
        self.inputMaskComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('No mask')
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('Phone number')
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('ISO date')
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('License key')
        self.inputMaskLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.inputMaskLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

QLineEdit其他有用的特性是可以设置它的内容为只读。

        self.accessGroup = QGroupBox('Access')
        self.accessLabel = QLabel('Read-only:')
        self.accessComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.accessComboBox.addItem('False')
        self.accessComboBox.addItem('True')
        self.accessLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.accessLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

现在，所有的子部件构建完毕，我们将复合框的信号连接到Window对象。

        self.echoComboBox.activated.connect(self.echoChanged)
        self.validatorComboBox.activated.connect(self.validatorChanged)
        self.alignmentComboBox.activated.connect(self.alignmentChanged)
        self.inputMaskComboBox.activated.connect(self.inputMaskChanged)
        self.accessComboBox.activated.connect(self.accessChanged)

每个链接都使用了QComboBox.activated()信号，这会用于改变相应槽的行编辑。

我们为每个分组框的复合框、行编辑和标签设置布局，先从echoGroup布局开始：

        self.echoLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.echoLayout.addWidget(self.echoLabel, 0, 0)
        self.echoLayout.addWidget(self.echoComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.echoLayout.addWidget(self.echoLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.echoGroup.setLayout(self.echoLayout)

其他布局构造与此类似：

        self.validatorLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.validatorLayout.addWidget(self.validatorLabel, 0, 0)
        self.validatorLayout.addWidget(self.validatorComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.validatorLayout.addWidget(self.validatorLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.validatorGroup.setLayout(self.validatorLayout)

        self.alignmentLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.alignmentLayout.addWidget(self.alignmentLabel, 0, 0)
        self.alignmentLayout.addWidget(self.alignmentComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.alignmentLayout.addWidget(self.alignmentLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.alignmentGroup.setLayout(self.alignmentLayout)

        self.inputMaskLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.inputMaskLayout.addWidget(self.inputMaskLabel, 0, 0)
        self.inputMaskLayout.addWidget(self.inputMaskComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.inputMaskLayout.addWidget(self.inputMaskLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.inputMaskGroup.setLayout(self.inputMaskLayout)

        self.accessLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.accessLayout.addWidget(self.accessLabel, 0, 0)
        self.accessLayout.addWidget(self.accessComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.accessLayout.addWidget(self.accessLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.accessGroup.setLayout(self.accessLayout)

最后，我们将每个分组框放置到网格布局并设置视窗标题：

        self.Layout = QGridLayout()
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.echoGroup, 0, 0)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.validatorGroup, 1, 0)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.alignmentGroup, 2, 0)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.inputMaskGroup, 0, 1)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.accessGroup, 1, 1)
        self.setLayout(self.Layout)

        self.setWindowTitle('Line Edits')

当用户改变复合框时，槽响应发射的信号。当Echo group复合框改变时，调用echoChanged()槽：

    def echoChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Normal)
        elif index == 1:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Password)
        elif index == 2:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.PasswordEchoOnEdit)
        elif index == 3:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.NoEcho)

在组框内使用echo mode，该槽更新行编辑。

当验证组复合框改变时，调用validatorChanged()槽：

    def validatorChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.validatorLineEdit.setValidator(0)
        elif index == 1:
            self.validatorLineEdit.setValidator(QIntValidator(self.validatorLineEdit))
        elif index == 2:
            self.validatorLineEdit.setValidator(QDoubleValidator(-999.0, 999.0, 2, self.validatorLineEdit))

        self.validatorLineEdit.clear()

该槽为行编辑创建了一个新的验证器，并通过调用QLineEdit.setValidator(0) 移除了使用中的验证器。我们清除行编辑来确保新的验证器初始下赋予有效的输入。

    def alignmentChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.alignmentLineEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeft)
        elif index == 1:
            self.alignmentLineEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        elif index == 2:
            self.alignmentLineEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight)

这会改变行编辑中的文本与对应选择的描述方式相同。

    def inputMaskChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('')
        elif index == 1:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('+99 99 99 99 99;_')
        elif index == 2:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('0000-00-00')
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setText('00000000')
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setCursorPosition(0)
        elif index == 3:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('>AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA;#')

在相关复合框中的每个输入，都与输入模板相关。我们通过调用QLineEdit.setMask()函数设置一个合适的字符串模板，模板禁止空字符。

    def accessChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.accessLineEdit.setReadOnly(False)
        elif index == 1:
            self.accessLineEdit.setReadOnly(True)

通过设置QLineEdit.setReadOnly()，简单关联了复合框中False和True输入，这允许用户开启或关闭行编辑的输入。

最终代码

from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

import sys

class Window(QWidget):
    def __init__(self):
        super(Window, self).__init__()

        self.echoGroup = QGroupBox('Echo')
        self.echoLabel = QLabel('Mode:')
        self.echoComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('Normal')
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('Password')
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('PasswordEchoOnEdit')
        self.echoComboBox.addItem('No Echo')
        self.echoLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.echoLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')
        self.echoLineEdit.setFocus()

        self.validatorGroup = QGroupBox('Validator')
        self.validatorLabel = QLabel('Type:')
        self.validatorComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.validatorComboBox.addItem('No validator')
        self.validatorComboBox.addItem('Integer validator')
        self.validatorComboBox.addItem('Double validator')
        self.validatorLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.validatorLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

        self.alignmentGroup = QGroupBox('Alignment')
        self.alignmentLabel = QLabel('Type:')
        self.alignmentComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.alignmentComboBox.addItem('Left')
        self.alignmentComboBox.addItem('Centered')
        self.alignmentComboBox.addItem('Right')
        self.alignmentLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.alignmentLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

        self.inputMaskGroup = QGroupBox('Input mask')
        self.inputMaskLabel = QLabel('Type:')
        self.inputMaskComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('No mask')
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('Phone number')
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('ISO date')
        self.inputMaskComboBox.addItem('License key')
        self.inputMaskLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.inputMaskLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

        self.accessGroup = QGroupBox('Access')
        self.accessLabel = QLabel('Read-only:')
        self.accessComboBox = QComboBox()
        self.accessComboBox.addItem('False')
        self.accessComboBox.addItem('True')
        self.accessLineEdit = QLineEdit()
        self.accessLineEdit.setPlaceholderText('Placeholder Text')

        self.echoComboBox.activated.connect(self.echoChanged)
        self.validatorComboBox.activated.connect(self.validatorChanged)
        self.alignmentComboBox.activated.connect(self.alignmentChanged)
        self.inputMaskComboBox.activated.connect(self.inputMaskChanged)
        self.accessComboBox.activated.connect(self.accessChanged)

        self.echoLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.echoLayout.addWidget(self.echoLabel, 0, 0)
        self.echoLayout.addWidget(self.echoComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.echoLayout.addWidget(self.echoLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.echoGroup.setLayout(self.echoLayout)

        self.validatorLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.validatorLayout.addWidget(self.validatorLabel, 0, 0)
        self.validatorLayout.addWidget(self.validatorComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.validatorLayout.addWidget(self.validatorLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.validatorGroup.setLayout(self.validatorLayout)

        self.alignmentLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.alignmentLayout.addWidget(self.alignmentLabel, 0, 0)
        self.alignmentLayout.addWidget(self.alignmentComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.alignmentLayout.addWidget(self.alignmentLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.alignmentGroup.setLayout(self.alignmentLayout)

        self.inputMaskLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.inputMaskLayout.addWidget(self.inputMaskLabel, 0, 0)
        self.inputMaskLayout.addWidget(self.inputMaskComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.inputMaskLayout.addWidget(self.inputMaskLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.inputMaskGroup.setLayout(self.inputMaskLayout)

        self.accessLayout = QGridLayout()
        self.accessLayout.addWidget(self.accessLabel, 0, 0)
        self.accessLayout.addWidget(self.accessComboBox, 0, 1)
        self.accessLayout.addWidget(self.accessLineEdit, 1, 0, 1, 2)
        self.accessGroup.setLayout(self.accessLayout)

        self.Layout = QGridLayout()
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.echoGroup, 0, 0)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.validatorGroup, 1, 0)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.alignmentGroup, 2, 0)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.inputMaskGroup, 0, 1)
        self.Layout.addWidget(self.accessGroup, 1, 1)
        self.setLayout(self.Layout)

        self.setWindowTitle('Line Edits')

    def echoChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Normal)
        elif index == 1:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.Password)
        elif index == 2:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.PasswordEchoOnEdit)
        elif index == 3:
            self.echoLineEdit.setEchoMode(QLineEdit.NoEcho)

    def validatorChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.validatorLineEdit.setValidator(0)
        elif index == 1:
            self.validatorLineEdit.setValidator(QIntValidator(self.validatorLineEdit))
        elif index == 2:
            self.validatorLineEdit.setValidator(QDoubleValidator(-999.0, 999.0, 2, self.validatorLineEdit))

        self.validatorLineEdit.clear()

    def alignmentChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.alignmentLineEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignLeft)
        elif index == 1:
            self.alignmentLineEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
        elif index == 2:
            self.alignmentLineEdit.setAlignment(Qt.AlignRight)

    def inputMaskChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('')
        elif index == 1:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('+99 99 99 99 99;_')
        elif index == 2:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('0000-00-00')
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setText('00000000')
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setCursorPosition(0)
        elif index == 3:
            self.inputMaskLineEdit.setInputMask('>AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA-AAAAA;#')

    def accessChanged(self, index):
        if index == 0:
            self.accessLineEdit.setReadOnly(False)
        elif index == 1:
            self.accessLineEdit.setReadOnly(True)


app = QApplication(sys.argv)
win = Window()
win.show()
app.exec_()

最终效果

这里写图片描述

LorgSher

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PyQt5 - QWidgets部件进阶教程之行编辑

导言定义窗口类最终代码最终效果导言该案例所含的独立视窗类，包括了不同选择的行编辑，该选择有限制输入和显示属性，这可以通过复合框中的项进行选择更改。集中体现这些，是为了帮助开发者选择适合的属性用于行编辑，并使得容易比较每种用户输入验证的效果。定义窗口类Window类继承自QWidget，包含一个构造器和一些槽，当在符合框内选择一个新的验证器时，这些槽用于更新其类型。Window构造器用于设置行编
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