如果要实现驱动程序,在同一时间只能被一个应用程序打开。方法之一,可以用原子操作。
原子操作
原子操作指的是在执行过程中不会被别的代码路径所中断的操作。
常用原子操作函数举例:
atomic_t v = ATOMIC_INIT(0); //定义原子变量v并初始化为0
atomic_read(atomic_t *v); //返回原子变量的值
void atomic_inc(atomic_t *v); //原子变量增加1
void atomic_dec(atomic_t *v); //原子变量减少1
int atomic_dec_and_test(atomic_t *v); //自减操作后测试其是否为0,为0则返回true,否则返回false。
下面是加上原子操作之后的驱动程序:
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
static struct class *fifthdrv_class;
static struct class_device *fifthdrv_class_dev;
volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;
volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1,fifth_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;
static struct fasync_struct *button_async;
struct pin_desc{
unsigned int pin;
unsigned int key_val;
};
/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
static unsigned char key_val;
struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},
};
static atomic_t canopen = ATOMIC_INIT(1); //定义原子变量并初始化为1
/*
* 确定按键值
*/
static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
unsigned int pinval;
pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);
if (pinval)
{
/* 松开 */
key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
}
else
{
/* 按下 */
key_val = pindesc->key_val;
}
ev_press = 1; /* 表示中断发生了 */
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */
kill_fasync (&button_async, SIGIO, POLL_IN); //
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static int fifth_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
//int atomic_dec_and_test(atomic_t *v); //自减操作后测试其是否为0,为0则返回true,否则返回false。
if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&canopen)) //如果第一次被打开,canopen=1,自减后为0,会返回true,即if(false),不会执行if里语句
{ //如果已被其他程序打开,canopen=0,自减后为-1,会执行if里语句
atomic_inc(&canopen); //把canopen=-1,加为canopen=0
return -EBUSY;
}
/* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
/* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
ssize_t fifth_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
if (size != 1)
return -EINVAL;
/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
ev_press = 0;
return 1;
}
int fifth_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
atomic_inc(&canopen); //把canopen=0,变为canopen=1。使其能被其他程序打开
free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
static unsigned fifth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠
if (ev_press)
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
return mask;
}
static int fifth_drv_fasync (int fd, struct file *filp, int on)
{
printk("driver: fifth_drv_fasync\n");
return fasync_helper (fd, filp, on, &button_async); //初始化&button_async结构体,给此结构体分配内存,此结构体包含了应用进程ID
}
static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
.open = fifth_drv_open,
.read = fifth_drv_read,
.release = fifth_drv_close,
.poll = fifth_drv_poll,
.fasync = fifth_drv_fasync,
};
int major;
static int fifth_drv_init(void)
{
major = register_chrdev(0, "fifth_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);
fifthdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "fifth_drv");
fifthdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(fifthdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */
gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;
gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;
return 0;
}
static void fifth_drv_exit(void)
{
unregister_chrdev(major, "fifth_drv");
class_device_unregister(fifthdrv_class_dev);
class_destroy(fifthdrv_class);
iounmap(gpfcon);
iounmap(gpgcon);
return 0;
}
module_init(fifth_drv_init);
module_exit(fifth_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
与前面驱动程序相比修改的地方有:
1.在50行
static atomic_t canopen = ATOMIC_INIT(1); //定义原子变量并初始化为1
2.在83行
//int atomic_dec_and_test(atomic_t *v); //自减操作后测试其是否为0,为0则返回true,否则返回false。
if (!atomic_dec_and_test(&canopen)) //如果第一次被打开,canopen=1,自减后为0,会返回true,即if(false),不会执行if里语句
{ //如果已被其他程序打开,canopen=0,自减后为-1,会执行if里语句
atomic_inc(&canopen); //把canopen=-1,加为canopen=0
return -EBUSY;
}
在执行打开驱动的函数时,判断一下此驱动是否已被其他应用程序打开。如果没被打开则正常执行后面的代码,如果已被打开则返回-EBUSY。
3.在116行
atomic_inc(&canopen); //把canopen=0,变为canopen=1。使其能被其他程序打开
关闭此驱动时,把原子变量值改为1,使其能被其他应用程序打开。
测试程序如下:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
/* fifthdrvtest
*/
int fd;
void my_signal_fun(int signum) //signal(SIGIO, my_signal_fun)的回调函数
{
unsigned char key_val;
read(fd, &key_val, 1);
printf("key_val: 0x%x\n", key_val);
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
unsigned char key_val;
int ret;
int Oflags;
signal(SIGIO, my_signal_fun); //注册信号处理函数
fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0)
{
printf("can't open!\n");
return -1;
}
fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid()); //调用此函数,把应用程序PID告诉驱动
Oflags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, Oflags | FASYNC); //把flag修改一下,当执行这个函数时,会对应到.fasync = fifth_drv_fasync,
//从而执行static int fifth_drv_fasync (int fd, struct file *filp, int on),
//初始化&button_async结构体
while (1)
{
sleep(1000);
}
return 0;
}
测试时,同时打开多个测试程序,只有第一个会正常打开。
其他都会提示:can't open!
ps:让应用程序在后台运行的命令: ./sixthdrvtest &