设计模式一日一练：工厂模式（Factory）

    Factory模式，定义一个用于创建对象的接口，让子类决定实例化哪一个类。

/*
 * file: Factory.h
 * brief: Created by night at 2014.04.16
 */
 
#ifndef __FACTORY_H__
#define __FACTORY_H__

#include "Singleton.h"
//#include "Entity.h"

class Entity
{
    // ...
}

bool IsPlayer(int id) {
    return id < 65536;
}

bool IsNPC(int id) {
    return id > 65536 && id < 131072;
}

bool IsMonster(int id) {
    return id > 131072 && id < 196608;
}


class EntityFactory : public Singleton
{
    public:
        EntityFactory();
        ~EntityFactory();

        
        virtual Entity* CreateEntity(int id);
        Entity* CreatePlayer();
        Entity* CreateNPC();
        Entity* CreateMonster();
};

#endif

/*
 * file: Factory.cpp
 * brief: Created by night at 2014.04.16
 */
 
#include "Factory.h"

Entity* EntityFactory::CreateEntity(int id)
{
    if (IsPlayer(id))
        return EntityFactory::Instance()->CreatePlayer(id);
    else if (IsNPC(id))
        return EntityFactory::Instance()->CreateNPC(id);
    else if (IsMonster(id))
        return EntityFactory::Instance()->CreateMonster(id);
    return null;
}

Entity* EntityFactory::CreatePlayer(int id)
{
}

Entity* EntityFactory::CreateNPC(int id)
{
}

Entity* EntityFactory::CreateMonster(int id)
{
}

    利用Factory模式，可以很方便的扩展或者修改Factory生产的产品。比如：

class MyEntityFactory : public EntityFactory
{
    public:
        Entity* CreateEntity(int id);
        Entity* CreateRobot(int id);
}

Entity* MyEntityFactory::CreateEntity(int id)
{
    if (IsPlayer(id))
        return EntityFactory::Instance()->CreateNPC(id);
    else if (IsNPC(id))
        return EntityFactory::Instance()->CreateMonster(id);
    else if (IsRobot(id))
        return MyEntityFactory::Instance()->CreateRobot(id);
    // ...
    
    return EntityFactory::Instance()->CreateEntity(id);
}

    PS. 我的设计模式系列blog， 《设计模式》专栏，通过简单的示例演示设计模式，对于初学者很容易理解入门。深入学习请看GoF的《设计模式》。